raka

See also: Appendix:Variations of "raka"

Languages (20)

Balinese • Czech • Faroese • Garo • Gothic • Icelandic • Indonesian • Javanese • Karelian • Latvian • Lower Sorbian • Māori • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Javanese • Old Norse • Papiamentu • Polish • Serbo-Croatian • Swedish • Ternate

Page categories

Balinese

Noun

raka (Balinese script ᬭᬓ)

elder brother

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈraka]

Noun

raka

genitive/accusative singular of rak

Faroese

Verb

raka (third person singular past indicative rakti, third person plural past indicative rakað, supine rakað)

to hit, to strike

Conjugation

Conjugation of *raka* (group v-29-30)
	present	past
infinitive	raka
supine	rakað

first singular	raki	rakti/ rakaði
second singular	rakar	rakti/ rakaði
third singular	rakar	rakti/ rakaði
plural	raka	raktu/ rakaðu

participle (a5 (a39)/a6)¹	rakandi	raktur/ rakaður

	imperative
singular	raka!
plural	rakið!

¹Only the past participle being declined.

Verb

raka (third person singular past indicative rakaði, third person plural past indicative rakað, supine rakað)

to shave

Conjugation

Conjugation of *raka* (group v-30)
	present	past
infinitive	raka
supine	rakað

first singular	raki	rakaði
second singular	rakar	rakaði
third singular	rakar	rakaði
plural	raka	rakaðu

participle (a6)¹	rakandi	rakaður

	imperative
singular	raka!
plural	rakið!

¹Only the past participle being declined.

Garo

Etymology 1

Verb

raka

to be bright, to be hard

Etymology 2

From raka (“to be hard”), symbolising how the alphabet represents a hard sound.

Noun

raka

the name of an letter in Garo, symbolised by a dot or apostrophe representing the glottal stop.

Gothic

Romanization

raka

romanization of 𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌰

Icelandic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈraːka]
Rhymes: -aːka

Etymology 1

Verb

raka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative rakaði, supine rakað)

to rake
to shave

Conjugation

*raka* – active voice (*germynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitive nafnháttur		að raka
supine sagnbót		rakað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		rakandi

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	raka	rakaði	raki	rakaði
	þú	rakar	rakaðir	rakir	rakaðir
	hann, hún, það	rakar	rakaði	raki	rakaði
plural	við	rökum	rökuðum	rökum	rökuðum
	þið	rakið	rökuðuð	rakið	rökuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	raka	rökuðu	raki	rökuðu

		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	raka (þú), rakaðu
plural	þið	rakið (þið), rakiði¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

*rakast* – mediopassive voice (*miðmynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitive nafnháttur		að rakast
supine sagnbót		rakast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		rakandist (rare; see appendix)

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	rakast	rakaðist	rakist	rakaðist
	þú	rakast	rakaðist	rakist	rakaðist
	hann, hún, það	rakast	rakaðist	rakist	rakaðist
plural	við	rökumst	rökuðumst	rökumst	rökuðumst
	þið	rakist	rökuðust	rakist	rökuðust
	þeir, þær, þau	rakast	rökuðust	rakist	rökuðust

		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	rakast (þú), rakastu
plural	þið	rakist (þið), rakisti¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

*rakaður* — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	rakaður	rökuð	rakað	rakaðir	rakaðar	rökuð
accusative (þolfall)	rakaðan	rakaða	rakað	rakaða	rakaðar	rökuð
dative (þágufall)	rökuðum	rakaðri	rökuðu	rökuðum	rökuðum	rökuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	rakaðs	rakaðrar	rakaðs	rakaðra	rakaðra	rakaðra

weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
weak declension (veik beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	rakaði	rakaða	rakaða	rökuðu	rökuðu	rökuðu
accusative (þolfall)	rakaða	rökuðu	rakaða	rökuðu	rökuðu	rökuðu
dative (þágufall)	rakaða	rökuðu	rakaða	rökuðu	rökuðu	rökuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	rakaða	rökuðu	rakaða	rökuðu	rökuðu	rökuðu

Etymology 2

Noun

raka

indefinite accusative singular of raki
indefinite dative singular of raki
indefinite genitive singular of raki

Etymology 3

Noun

raka

indefinite genitive plural of rök

Indonesian

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈraka/ [ˈra.ka]
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ra‧ka

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦏ (raka), from Old Javanese raka.

Noun

raka (plural raka-raka)

elder brother
greetings to senior students during the hazing period

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Javanese ꦫꦏ (raka), from Old Javanese raka.

Adjective

raka (comparative lebih raka, superlative paling raka)

cracking, almost broken

Javanese

Romanization

raka

romanization of ꦫꦏ

Karelian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian рак (rak).

Noun

raka (genitive rakan, partitive [please provide])

(pathology) cancer
häńeĺĺä oĺi raka, rakan tuattši hiän kuoĺi. ― He died because he had cancer.

References

Pertti Virtaranta; Raija Koponen (2009), “raka”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎^[3], Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN

Latvian

Verb

raka

third-person singular/plural past indicative of rakt

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈraka/

Noun

raka

Māori

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈraka/ [ˈɾɐkɐ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *laka₁ (compare with Tahitian raʻa, Samoan laʻa and laʻalaʻa, and Tongan laka “to step, to march, to move forward, to proceed”) from Proto-Oceanic *laka (compare with Fijian laka) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋkaq (compare with Malay langkah)^[1]^[2]

Verb

raka

to step on something
Synonym: hikoi

Noun

raka

step, walk, trek
Synonym: hīkoi

Derived terms

whakaraka

References

^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “laka.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551–9
^ M. Ross, A. Pawley, M. Osmond, editors (2016), The Lexicon of Proto-Oceanic‎^[1], volumes 5: People: Body and Mind, Australian National University, →ISBN, page 394.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English lock.

Noun

raka

lock

References

Williams, Herbert William (1917), “raka”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 373
John C. Moorfield (2011), “raka”, in Te Aka: Māori–English, English–Māori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, →ISBN

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

rake (all senses)
råkkå (to rake or shave, Trøndelag)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /²rɑːkɑ/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse raka. Similar to Swedish raka (“to rake or shave”). Akin to English rake.

Verb

raka (present tense rakar, past tense raka, past participle raka, passive infinitive rakast, present participle rakande, imperative raka/rak)

to rake (use a rake on leaves, a lawn, etc.)
to shave

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German [Term?].

Verb

raka

to concern (mainly used in the negative sense)
Det rakar deg ikkje.
It does not concern you / It is none of your business.

References

“raka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Javanese

Etymology

Affixed ra- +‎ aka (“elder sibling”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ra.ka/

Noun

raka

elder sibling

Alternative forms

rāka

Descendants

> Javanese: ꦫꦏ (raka) (inherited)
- → Indonesian: raka
→ Balinese: ᬭᬓ (raka)

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rakōjaną.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈraka/
Rhymes: -aka

Verb

raka

to scrape together
to cut hair

Descendants

Icelandic: raka (“to shave”)
Faroese: raka (“to shave”)
Norwegian Nynorsk: raka (“to rake, shave”)
Old Swedish: raka
- Swedish: raka (“to shave”)
Old Danish: raghæ, rakæ
- Danish: rage (“to scrape”)
→ Middle English: raken, rakyn
- English: rake
- Yola: raak

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*rekan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 409

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Dutch raken.

Verb

raka

to hit

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈra.ka/
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ra‧ka

Noun

raka m

genitive/accusative singular of rak

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

raka (Cyrillic spelling рака)

genitive/accusative singular of rak

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

raka

Wikipedia ^sv

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Adjective

raka

inflection of rak:
1. definite singular
2. plural

Noun

raka c

(colloquial) a straight (straight section of road)
Synonym: raksträcka
a tool with a transverse blade on a (long) handle
1. a squeegee
  Synonyms: gummiskrapa, skrapa, gummiraka
  
  fönsterraka
  window squeegee
  
  golvraka
  floor squeegee
2. an (ice) scraper (for manual resurfacing of an ice rink or the like)
  Synonym: skrapa
  
  israka
  ice scraper
3. a placer
  asfaltsraka
  concrete placer
4. an (ash) rake
  askraka
  ash rake

Declension

Declension of **raka**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	raka	rakas
singular	definite	rakan	rakans
plural	indefinite	rakor	rakors
plural	definite	rakorna	rakornas

Verb

raka (present rakar, preterite rakade, supine rakat, imperative raka)

(transitive) to shave
Han rakade sig innan han gick till jobbet.
He shaved before going to work.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *raka* (weak)
	active		passive
infinitive	raka		rakas
supine	rakat		rakats
imperative	raka		—
imper. plural¹	raken		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	rakar	rakade	rakas	rakades
ind. plural¹	raka	rakade	rakas	rakades
subjunctive²	rake	rakade	rakes	rakades

present participle		rakande
past participle		rakad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

References

“raka”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
“raka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
“raka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Ternate

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɾa.ka]

Noun

raka

husband

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɾa.ka]

Verb

raka

(stative) to be funny

Conjugation

Conjugation of *raka*
		singular	plural
		singular	inclusive	exclusive
1st person		toraka	foraka	miraka
2nd person		noraka	niraka
3rd person	masculine	oraka	iraka yoraka (archaic)
	feminine	moraka
	neuter	iraka

References

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

[P-1] Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “laka.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551–9

[2] M. Ross, A. Pawley, M. Osmond, editors (2016), The Lexicon of Proto-Oceanic‎^[1], volumes 5: People: Body and Mind, Australian National University, →ISBN, page 394.

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*rekan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 409

[1]

[2]

[1]

Balinese

Noun

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

Faroese

Verb

Conjugation

Verb

Conjugation

Garo

Etymology 1

Verb

Etymology 2

Noun

Gothic

Romanization

Icelandic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Adjective

Further reading

Javanese

Romanization

Karelian

Etymology

Noun

References

Latvian

Verb

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

Noun

Māori

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Noun

Derived terms

References

Etymology 2

Noun

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Etymology 2

Verb

References

Old Javanese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Alternative forms

Descendants

Old Norse

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Descendants

References

Further reading

Papiamentu

Etymology

Verb

Polish

Pronunciation