rapio
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Italic *rapjō. De Vaan supports a derivation from a PIE root of the shape Proto-Indo-European *h₁rep- (“to take away, snatch”), the zero-grade of which—*h₁r̥p-—may have, according to De Vaan, yielded *erp-, which was then perhaps replaced by a secondary zero-grade *rap-. Even more specifically, De Vaan suggests an original athematic i-present of the shape *h₁r̥p-i-.[1] Schrijver alternatively posits a root of the shape *h₁reh₁p-, the zero-grade of which—*h₁r̥h₁p-—could have yielded rap- via a sound law *HRHC > RaC.[2] De Vaan, however, criticizes this etymology, arguing that it presumes the existence of two separate roots *h₁rep- and *h₁reh₁p-, both with identical meanings.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈra.pi.oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈraː.pi.o]
Verb
[edit]rapiō (present infinitive rapere, perfect active rapuī, supine raptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation
- to snatch, grab, carry off, abduct, rape, steal
- Synonyms: abdūcō, tollō, adimō, fraudō, corripiō, auferō, ēripiō, dēmō, āvertō, āmoveō, diripio, praedor, agō
- Ībis tandem aliquandō quō tē iam prīdem ista tua cupiditās effrēnāta ac furiōsa rapiēbat.
- You will go, finally at last, to where for a long time that unrestrained and mad desire of yours was first seizing you.
- (with reflexive pronoun) to snatch (oneself); take off, hurry
- c. 35 BCE, Horatius, Sermones 2.7.144:
- Ocius hinc te ni rapis, accedes opera agro nona Sabino
- 1926 translation by H. Rushton Fairclough
- If you don’t take yourself off in a jiffy, you’ll make the ninth labourer on my Sabine farm.
- (literally, “If you don't tear yourself away from here more quickly, you will come near in resemblance to the ninth worker on my Sabine farm”)
- 1926 translation by H. Rushton Fairclough
- Ocius hinc te ni rapis, accedes opera agro nona Sabino
Conjugation
[edit]1At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “rapiō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 513-4
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The Reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Latin (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 306
Further reading
[edit]- “rapio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “rapio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “rapio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to lead a person into error: aliquem in errorem inducere, rapere
- to lead the army with forced marches: citatum agmen rapere
- to lead a person into error: aliquem in errorem inducere, rapere
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁reh₁p-
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin third conjugation verbs
- Latin third conjugation verbs with perfect in -u-
- Latin verbs with sigmatic forms
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- la:Crime
- Latin unprefixed third conjugation verbs