ruma

See also: Ruma, rúma, rūma, and rũma

Finnish

Etymology

From . Cognates include Estonian rumal (“stupid”), Ingrian ruma (“ugly”), Livonian rumāli (“dirty”), Livvi ruma, Veps ruma (“ugly; coarse”) and Votic ruma. The Finnic word has been borrowed into Sami; compare Northern Sami ropmi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrumɑ/, [ˈrumɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: ru‧ma

Adjective

ruma (comparative rumempi, superlative rumin)

1. ugly (displeasing to the eye or ear)
2. ugly, dirty (offensive to one's sensibilities or morality)

   Hän teki meille ruman tempun.

   He played a dirty trick on us.

3. dirty (of a word or language in general: something considered vulgar)

   ruma sana

   dirty word

Declension

Inflection of ruma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		ruma	rumat
genitive		ruman	rumien
partitive		rumaa	rumia
illative		rumaan	rumiin
		singular	plural
nominative		ruma	rumat
accusative	nom.	ruma	rumat
	gen.	ruman
genitive		ruman	rumien rumain rare
partitive		rumaa	rumia
inessive		rumassa	rumissa
elative		rumasta	rumista
illative		rumaan	rumiin
adessive		rumalla	rumilla
ablative		rumalta	rumilta
allative		rumalle	rumille
essive		rumana	rumina
translative		rumaksi	rumiksi
abessive		rumatta	rumitta
instructive		—	rumin
comitative		—	rumine

Possessive forms of ruma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rumani rumani accusative nom. rumani rumani gen. rumani genitive rumani rumieni rumaini rare partitive rumaani rumiani inessive rumassani rumissani elative rumastani rumistani illative rumaani rumiini adessive rumallani rumillani ablative rumaltani rumiltani allative rumalleni rumilleni essive rumanani ruminani translative rumakseni rumikseni abessive rumattani rumittani instructive — — comitative — rumineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rumasi rumasi accusative nom. rumasi rumasi gen. rumasi genitive rumasi rumiesi rumaisi rare partitive rumaasi rumiasi inessive rumassasi rumissasi elative rumastasi rumistasi illative rumaasi rumiisi adessive rumallasi rumillasi ablative rumaltasi rumiltasi allative rumallesi rumillesi essive rumanasi ruminasi translative rumaksesi rumiksesi abessive rumattasi rumittasi instructive — — comitative — ruminesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rumamme rumamme accusative nom. rumamme rumamme gen. rumamme genitive rumamme rumiemme rumaimme rare partitive rumaamme rumiamme inessive rumassamme rumissamme elative rumastamme rumistamme illative rumaamme rumiimme adessive rumallamme rumillamme ablative rumaltamme rumiltamme allative rumallemme rumillemme essive rumanamme ruminamme translative rumaksemme rumiksemme abessive rumattamme rumittamme instructive — — comitative — ruminemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rumanne rumanne accusative nom. rumanne rumanne gen. rumanne genitive rumanne rumienne rumainne rare partitive rumaanne rumianne inessive rumassanne rumissanne elative rumastanne rumistanne illative rumaanne rumiinne adessive rumallanne rumillanne ablative rumaltanne rumiltanne allative rumallenne rumillenne essive rumananne ruminanne translative rumaksenne rumiksenne abessive rumattanne rumittanne instructive — — comitative — ruminenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative rumansa rumansa accusative nom. rumansa rumansa gen. rumansa genitive rumansa rumiensa rumainsa rare partitive rumaansa rumiaan rumiansa inessive rumassaan rumassansa rumissaan rumissansa elative rumastaan rumastansa rumistaan rumistansa illative rumaansa rumiinsa adessive rumallaan rumallansa rumillaan rumillansa ablative rumaltaan rumaltansa rumiltaan rumiltansa allative rumalleen rumallensa rumilleen rumillensa essive rumanaan rumanansa ruminaan ruminansa translative rumakseen rumaksensa rumikseen rumiksensa abessive rumattaan rumattansa rumittaan rumittansa instructive — — comitative — rumineen ruminensa

Synonyms

• (displeasing to eye or ear): epäesteettinen, pahannäköinen
• (offensive to morality): moraaliton, ikävä, ilkeä, kelju, kurja, paha

Antonyms

• kaunis

Derived terms

Derived terms

• ruma ankanpoikanen
• rumentaa
• rumentua

• rumeta
• rumuus

Anagrams

• mura

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Gothic

Romanization

rūma

1. Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰

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Hiri Motu

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

Noun

ruma

1. house (abode)

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Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾuma/

Verb

ruma (infinitive kũruma)

1. to curse, to abuse

Derived terms

(Proverbs)

• kĩonje kĩrumaga mũhiũhia

Related terms

(Nouns)

• kĩrumi class 7

References

• Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 363. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

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Latin

Etymology 1

Possibly from Etruscan [Term?].

Noun

rūma f (genitive rūmae); first declension

1. (anatomy) udder

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rūma	rūmae
Genitive	rūmae	rūmārum
Dative	rūmae	rūmīs
Accusative	rūmam	rūmās
Ablative	rūmā	rūmīs
Vocative	rūma	rūmae

Synonyms

• (udder): ūber, sūmen

Derived terms

• irrumō

Etymology 2

The same of rūmen.

Noun

rūma f (genitive rūmae); first declension

1. (anatomy) rumen
2. stomach, belly

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rūma	rūmae
Genitive	rūmae	rūmārum
Dative	rūmae	rūmīs
Accusative	rūmam	rūmās
Ablative	rūmā	rūmīs
Vocative	rūma	rūmae

Synonyms

• (rumen): rūmen
• (belly): venter, pantex

References

• “ruma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ruma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

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Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruma/

Noun

ruma

1. inflection of rum:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative dual

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Muduapa

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

Noun

ruma

1. house (abode)

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Portuguese

Verb

ruma

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Venda

Verb

ruma

1. to send

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Veps

Etymology

Related to Finnish ruma.

Adjective

ruma

1. ugly
2. coarse, rough

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “грубый, некрасивый”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[1], Petrozavodsk: Periodika