stunda

See also: stundā and štunda

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstʏnta/
• Rhymes: -ʏnta

Verb

stunda (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative stundaði, supine stundað)

1. (transitive, with accusative) to pursue, to practice, to study
2. (transitive, with accusative) to frequent, to visit often

Conjugation

stunda — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að stunda
supine (sagnbót)		stundað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		stundandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég stunda	við stundum	present (nútíð)	ég stundi	við stundum
	þú stundar	þið stundið		þú stundir	þið stundið
	hann, hún, það stundar	þeir, þær, þau stunda		hann, hún, það stundi	þeir, þær, þau stundi
past (þátíð)	ég stundaði	við stunduðum	past (þátíð)	ég stundaði	við stunduðum
	þú stundaðir	þið stunduðuð		þú stundaðir	þið stunduðuð
	hann, hún, það stundaði	þeir, þær, þau stunduðu		hann, hún, það stundaði	þeir, þær, þau stunduðu
imperative (boðháttur)	stunda (þú)	stundið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	stundaðu	stundiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

stundast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að stundast
supine (sagnbót)		stundast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		stundandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég stundast	við stundumst	present (nútíð)	ég stundist	við stundumst
	þú stundast	þið stundist		þú stundist	þið stundist
	hann, hún, það stundast	þeir, þær, þau stundast		hann, hún, það stundist	þeir, þær, þau stundist
past (þátíð)	ég stundaðist	við stunduðumst	past (þátíð)	ég stundaðist	við stunduðumst
	þú stundaðist	þið stunduðust		þú stundaðist	þið stunduðust
	hann, hún, það stundaðist	þeir, þær, þau stunduðust		hann, hún, það stundaðist	þeir, þær, þau stunduðust
imperative (boðháttur)	stundast (þú)	stundist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	stundastu	stundisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

stundaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	stundaður	stunduð	stundað		stundaðir	stundaðar	stunduð
accusative (þolfall)	stundaðan	stundaða	stundað		stundaða	stundaðar	stunduð
dative (þágufall)	stunduðum	stundaðri	stunduðu		stunduðum	stunduðum	stunduðum
genitive (eignarfall)	stundaðs	stundaðrar	stundaðs		stundaðra	stundaðra	stundaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	stundaði	stundaða	stundaða		stunduðu	stunduðu	stunduðu
accusative (þolfall)	stundaða	stunduðu	stundaða		stunduðu	stunduðu	stunduðu
dative (þágufall)	stundaða	stunduðu	stundaða		stunduðu	stunduðu	stunduðu
genitive (eignarfall)	stundaða	stunduðu	stundaða		stunduðu	stunduðu	stunduðu

Derived terms

• stundun

Noun

stunda

1. indefinite genitive plural of stund

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Latvian

Etymology

A borrowing, traditionally described as from Middle Low German stunde (“hour”), since this form is found in the earliest attestations. But some authors argue that these early attestations are found only in some dialects, and that later competing forms (stunds, stunda) might correspond to earlier competing variants, which suggests that this word already existed in Latvian prior to Middle Low German influence. This would mean that it was previously borrowed from another Germanic language (possibly Gothic, or maybe Old High German or Old Norse). The current form stunda became stabilised at the beginning of the 18th century.

Noun

stunda f (4th declension)

1. hour (a time period of 60 minutes)

   gaidīt veselu stundu ― to wait for a whole hour

   nokavēties par stundu ― to be late by an hour

   stundas ceturksnis ― a quarter of an hour

   septiņu stundu darba diena ― a seven-hour workday

2. hour (relatively short period in a day, often associated with an event, activity, or situation)

   rīta stunda ― morning hour

   klusā stunda ― quiet hour (e.g., at a hospital)

   policijas, komandantas stunda ― curfew (literally: commandant's, police hour)

   kurp iesi tik agrā stundā? ― where are you going at this late hour?

   viņa stunda ir situsi ― his hour has come (= he will die)

3. lesson (period of time in which a class takes place, especially at an educational institution)

   matemātikas stunda ― math lesson, class

   cikos skolā sākas stundas? ― at what time do classes start at school?

   (sa)gatavot stundu ― to prepare a lesson

   atstāt pēc stundām ― to keep (someone) after class

   ņemt stundas ― to take lessons

Declension

Declension of stunda (4th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	stunda	stundas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	stundu	stundas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	stundas	stundu
dative (datīvs)	stundai	stundām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	stundu	stundām
locative (lokatīvs)	stundā	stundās
vocative (vokatīvs)	stunda	stundas

Derived terms

• policijas stunda, komandanta stunda

See also

• mācība f
• minūte
• sekunde

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Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• stunden

Noun

stunda m or f

1. definite feminine singular of stund

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

stunda f

1. definite singular of stund

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Old English

Noun

stunda

1. plural of stund.