stupor

English

Alternative forms

• stupour (obsolete)

Etymology

Late Middle English, borrowed from Latin stupor (“insensibility, numbness, dullness”). Distantly related (from Proto-Indo-European, via Proto-Germanic) to stint, stub, and steep.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈstjuː.pə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈstu.pɚ/, /ˈstju.pɚ/

  • Audio (General American):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -uːpə(ɹ)

Noun

stupor (countable and uncountable, plural stupors)

1. A state of greatly dulled or completely suspended consciousness or sensibility; (particularly medicine) a chiefly mental condition marked by absence of spontaneous movement, greatly diminished responsiveness to stimulation, and usually impaired consciousness.

   He fell into a drunken stupor.

   She woke from a deep stupor after the medication.

   The shock left him in a stupor of disbelief.

   The heat drove the workers into a midday stupor.

   He sat in a dazed stupor on the couch.

   The team stumbled off the field in a stupor of exhaustion.

2. A state of extreme apathy or torpor resulting often from stress or shock.

   Synonym: daze

Derived terms

• stuporlike
• stuporous

Related terms

• stupefy
• stupefaction
• stupendous
• stupid
• stupor mundi

Translations

state of reduced consciousness or sensibility

• Aramaic:

  Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תּוּנְבָּא m (tunbā)

• Belarusian: сту́пар m (stúpar)
• Bulgarian: сту́пор m (stúpor)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 不省人事 (bat¹ sing² jan⁴ si⁶)

  Mandarin: 昏迷 (zh) (hūnmí), 麻痺 / 麻痹 (zh) (mábì)

• Czech: omámení n, mrákoty f pl, otupělost f, omámenost f
• Dutch: verdwazing (nl), verbijstering (nl)
• Estonian: juhm
• Finnish: tokkura (fi), pökkyrä
• French: stupeur (fr) f
• Georgian: გაშეშება (gašešeba)
• German: Sopor (de)
• Greek: νάρκη (el) f (nárki), λήθαργος (el) m (líthargos)
• Hungarian: kábulat (hu), bódulat (hu), részegség (hu)
• Icelandic: sljóleiki m, hálfmeðvitundarleysi n
• Kazakh: естен тану (esten tanu), ес-түссіз болу (es-tüssız bolu)
• Māori: pāhoahoa
• Polish: osłupienie (pl) n, stupor (pl) m
• Portuguese: estupor (pt) m
• Romanian: stupoare (ro) f
• Russian: сту́пор (ru) m (stúpor), оцепене́ние (ru) n (ocepenénije)
• Serbo-Croatian: ступор m, stupor (sh) m
• Spanish: estupor (es) m
• Swedish: stupor (sv), dvala (sv) c
• Ukrainian: сту́пор m (stúpor)
• Urdu: غشی (ġuśī)
• Uyghur: پارامۇش (paramush)

state of apathy or torpor

• Bulgarian: вцепенение n (vcepenenie)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 恍惚 (fong² fat¹)

  Mandarin: 恍惚 (zh) (huǎnghū), 神志不清 (zh) (shénzhì bùqīng)

• Czech: otupělost f, netečnost f, strnulost f, apatie (cs) f
• Estonian: tuim
• Māori: mate pāhoahoa
• Polish: apatia (pl) f

Verb

stupor (third-person singular simple present stupors, present participle stuporing, simple past and past participle stupored) (transitive)

1. To place into a stupor; to stupefy.

References

• “stupor”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “stupor”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Anagrams

• Troups, Proust, Stroup, sprout, Sprout, Portus, surtop

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Indo-European *(s)tup-éh₁-ye-ti

Latin stupeō

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *-ōs

Proto-Italic *-ōs

Latin -or

Latin stupor

From stupeō (“to be struck senseless, be stunned, be astonished”) + -or (nominal suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈstʊ.pɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈstuː.por]

Noun

stupor m (genitive stupōris); third declension

1. Numbness; dullness, insensibility, stupidity, stupefaction; astonishment, wonder, amazement.

   Synonym: torpor

2. (especially) Dullness, stupidity, stolidity.

Inflection

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	stupor	stupōrēs
genitive	stupōris	stupōrum
dative	stupōrī	stupōribus
accusative	stupōrem	stupōrēs
ablative	stupōre	stupōribus
vocative	stupor	stupōrēs

Derived terms

• stupōrātus (adjective)

Descendants

Descendants

• → English: stupor
• → French: stupeur
• → Italian: stupore
• → Piedmontese: stupor
• → Portuguese: estupor
• → Russian: ступор (stupor)
• → Sicilian: stupuri
• → Spanish: estupor

References

• “stupor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “stupor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "stupor", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “stupor”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Indo-European *(s)tup-éh₁-ye-ti

Latin stupeō

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *-ōs

Proto-Italic *-ōs

Latin -or

Latin stuporlbor.

Polish stupor

Learned borrowing from Latin stupor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstu.pɔr/
• Rhymes: -upɔr
• Syllabification: stu‧por

Noun

stupor m inan

1. (medicine) stupor (state of greatly dulled or completely suspended consciousness or sensibility; a chiefly mental condition marked by absence of spontaneous movement, greatly diminished responsiveness to stimulation, and usually impaired consciousness)

   Synonym: osłupienie

Declension

Declension of stupor

	singular	plural
nominative	stupor	stupory
genitive	stuporu	stuporów
dative	stuporowi	stuporom
accusative	stupor	stupory
instrumental	stuporem	stuporami
locative	stuporze	stuporach
vocative	stuporze	stupory

Further reading

• “stupor”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[1] (in Polish)
• stupor in PWN's encyclopedia

Swedish

Noun

stupor

1. indefinite plural of stupa

Anagrams

• utrops