taran

See also: Taran, tarań, tàrán, t-arán, țăran, and Țăran

English

taran

Etymology

From Russian тара́нь (taránʹ).

Noun

taran (plural tarans)

1. A species of roach (Rutilus heckelii), a fish in the Cyprinidae family. It is native to the Black Sea basin: rivers Don, Kuban, Dnieper, Dniester, rarely Danube.

Translations

Rutilus heckelii

• Russian: тара́нь (ru) f (taránʹ), тара́нка (ru) f (taránka)
• Ukrainian: тара́ня f (taránja), тара́нька f (taránʹka)

Anagrams

• ratan, Arant, Ranta, ANTaR, Trana, antra, ran at, Ratna

Breton

Etymology

From Old Breton taran, from Proto-Brythonic *taran, from Proto-Celtic *toranos (“thunder”).

Noun

taran ? (plural taranoù)

1. thunder

Mutation

Mutation of taran

	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard
singular	taran	daran	zaran	unchanged
plural	taranoù	daranoù	zaranoù	unchanged

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish taran (“battering ram, naval ram”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtaran]
• Hyphenation: ta‧ran

Noun

taran m inan

1. (nautical) cutwater, ram

Declension

Declension of taran (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	taran	tarany
genitive	taranu	taranů
dative	taranu	taranům
accusative	taran	tarany
vocative	tarane	tarany
locative	taranu	taranech
instrumental	taranem	tarany

Further reading

• “taran”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “taran”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Dongxiang

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *tarïxan, equivalent to tari (“to sow, to plant”) +‎ -an.

Compare Mongolian тариа (taria).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʰɑˈrɑŋ/

Noun

taran

1. grain, cereal

Polish

Etymology

From tarać +‎ -an, from trzeć.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈta.ran/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aran
• Syllabification: ta‧ran

Noun

taran m inan

1. (historical) battering ram
2. (nautical) cutwater, ram

Declension

Declension of taran

	singular	plural
nominative	taran	tarany
genitive	taranu/tarana	taranów
dative	taranowi	taranom
accusative	taran	tarany
instrumental	taranem	taranami
locative	taranie	taranach
vocative	taranie	tarany

Derived terms

verbs

• staranować
• taranować

Descendants

• → Belarusian: тара́н (tarán)
• → Czech: taran
• → Russian: тара́н (tarán)
• → Ukrainian: тара́н (tarán)

Further reading

• taran in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ukrainian таран (taran).

Noun

taran n (plural taranuri)

1. common roach (Rutilus rutilus)

Declension

Declension of taran

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	taran	taranul		taranuri	taranurile
genitive-dative	taran	taranului		taranuri	taranurilor
vocative	taranule			taranurilor

References

• taran in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Spanish

Verb

taran

1. third-person plural present indicative of tarar

Tetum

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

taran

1. spike, thorn

Further reading

• Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh taran, from Proto-Brythonic *taran, from Proto-Celtic *toranos (“thunder”).

Cognate with Cornish taran, Breton taran, Irish toirneach, Scottish Gaelic tàirneanach, Manx taarnagh.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈtaran/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈta(ː)ran/

Noun

taran f (plural taranau)

1. thunder, a thunderclap

   Synonyms: trwst, twrf

Usage notes

Welsh may employ the singular taran or plural taranau to correspond to English collective noun thunder depending on the context, e.g.

• Glywest ti’r daran ’na?

  Did you hear that thunder? (i.e. that (single) clap of thunder)

• Glywest ti’r taranau ’na?

  Did you hear that thunder? (i.e. those (several) claps of thunder)

Coordinate terms

• mellt (“lightning”)

Derived terms

• blodyn taranau (“red campion”)
• Lleng y Daran (“Legio Fulminata”)
• mellt a tharanau (“thunder and lightning”)
• taraniad (“thundering”)
• taranu (“to thunder”)

Related terms

• thoriwm

Mutation

Mutated forms of taran

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
taran	daran	nharan	tharan

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “taran”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies