tibia

See also: tíbia

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia (“shin bone, leg”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɪbiə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪbiə

Noun

tibia (plural tibias or tibiae)

1. (anatomy) The inner and usually the larger of the two bones of the leg or hind limb below the knee, the shinbone.
   • 2013 February 6, Jen Christiensen, “Vonn’s injury ‘career-delayer,’ not ‘career ender’”, in CNN‎^[1]:

     Her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) are torn and Vonn has a lateral fracture of the tibial plateau, the upper end of the tibia or shin bone.

2. (entomology) The second segment from the end of an insect's leg, between the femur and tarsus.
3. (arachnology) The third segment from the end of an arachnid's leg, between the patella and metatarsus.
4. A musical instrument of the flute kind, originally made of the leg bone of an animal.
   • 1975, Francis M. Collinson, The bagpipe: the history of a musical instrument, page 188:

     The musician on the left is playing the zampogna, a bagpipe with two chanters and two drones. The zampogna is thought to be the bag-provided descendant of the ancient mouth-blown divergent pipes of the Romans, known as the tibia.

Synonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• bone flute
• shin
• shinbone, shin bone

Derived terms

• tibia valga
• tibia vara
• tibial

Translations

bone of the leg — see shinbone

segment of insect's leg — see shinbone

type of ancient flute

• German: Tibia f
• Polish: aulos (pl) m

References

• “tibia”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tibia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tibia/ [t̪i.β̞i.a]
• Rhymes: -ia, -a
• Hyphenation: ti‧bi‧a

Noun

tibia inan

1. shin, shinbone

Declension

Declension of tibia (inan a-stem)

	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	tibia	tibia	tibiak	tibiok
ergative	tibiak	tibiak	tibiek	tibiok
dative	tibiari	tibiari	tibiei	tibioi
genitive	tibiaren	tibiaren	tibien	tibion
comitative	tibiarekin	tibiarekin	tibiekin	tibiokin
causative	tibiarengatik	tibiarengatik	tibiengatik	tibiongatik
benefactive	tibiarentzat	tibiarentzat	tibientzat	tibiontzat
instrumental	tibiaz	tibiaz	tibiez	tibiotaz
innesive	tibiatan	tibian	tibietan	tibiotan
locative	tibiatako	tibiako	tibietako	tibiotako
allative	tibiatara	tibiara	tibietara	tibiotara
terminative	tibiataraino	tibiaraino	tibietaraino	tibiotaraino
directive	tibiatarantz	tibiarantz	tibietarantz	tibiotarantz
destinative	tibiatarako	tibiarako	tibietarako	tibiotarako
ablative	tibiatatik	tibiatik	tibietatik	tibiotatik
partitive	tibiarik	—	—	—
prolative	tibiatzat	—	—	—

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia. Compare the inherited doublet tige.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti.bja/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Noun

tibia m (plural tibias)

1. shin
2. tibia, shinbone

Derived terms

• protège-tibia

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

Attested since 1409 (tiva). Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtiβjɐ]

Noun

tibia f (plural tibias)

1. (anatomy) tibia, shinbone
2. (archaic) shin
   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:

     nota que a dita enfirmidade non enpeeçe aos potros mais prestalles porque daqesto engrosam as tiuas por llos homores que se uoluen aas coixas

     note that this sickness is not detrimental for the foals, but it benefits them because the shins swell because of the humors that return to the thighs

References

• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “tiua”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tibia”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia.

Noun

tibia f (plural tibie)

1. (anatomy, zoology) tibia, shinbone
2. (music) an early wind instrument

Derived terms

• tibiale

Anagrams

• abiti, baiti

Latin

Etymology

Meaning may have evolved from “stalk, reed pipe” to “shinbone”, the latter being used by Pliny and later authors; flutes were originally made from shinbones. Possibly connected to Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “siphon, tube”), the irregular forms suggesting a non-Indo-European loan or substrate source, but as if from pseudo- or regional Proto-Indo-European *tweybʰ-. There are no solid IE cognates outside of the Greek word, though comparisons to Proto-Slavic *stьbъ (“stalk”) have been drawn. Compare tuba (“trumpet”), tubus (“tube”), possibly from the same substrate source.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtiː.bi.a]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈtiː.bi.a]

Noun

tībia f (genitive tībiae); first declension

1. (anatomy) the large shin bone, tibia; leg
2. (figuratively) a pipe, flute (originally of bone)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	tībia	tībiae
genitive	tībiae	tībiārum
dative	tībiae	tībiīs
accusative	tībiam	tībiās
ablative	tībiā	tībiīs
vocative	tībia	tībiae

Derived terms

• tībiālis
• tībiārius
• tībīcen
• tībinus

Related terms

• tībīcina
• tībīcinium
• tībīcinō

Descendants

• French: tige
  • → Catalan: tija
• Piedmontese: tija
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: tíbia
  • → English: tibia
  • → French: tibia
  • → Italian: tibia
  • → Polish: tibia
  • → Portuguese: tíbia
  • → Romanian: tibia
  • → Spanish: tibia

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "tibia", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “tibia”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • instrumental music: nervorum et tibiarum cantus
    
  • to play the flute: tibias inflare
    
  • to play the flute: tibiis or tibiā canere
    
  • to sing to a flute accompaniment: ad tibiam or ad tibicinem canere
    
• “tibia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “tibia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French, Latin tībia.

Noun

tibia f (plural tibii)

1. tibia, shinbone

   Synonym: (popular) fluier

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtibja/ [ˈt̪i.β̞ja]
• Rhymes: -ibja
• Syllabification: ti‧bia

Etymology 1

From Latin tepida.

Adjective

tibia

1. feminine singular of tibio

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin tibia.

Noun

tibia f (plural tibias)

1. (anatomy) tibia, shinbone

Related terms

• peroné
• ulna

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024