trema

See also: Trema and tréma

English

Alternative forms

• tréma

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma, “hole”), from τετραίνω (tetraínō, “perforate”), used for the dots on dice, via Dutch trema and French tréma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɹiː.mə/, /ˈtɹɛm.ə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛmə, -iːmə

Noun

trema (plural tremas or tremata)

1. A diacritic consisting of two dots ( ¨ ) placed over a letter, used among other things to indicate umlaut or diaeresis.

   Synonym: diaeresis

Related terms

• helicotrema
• trematode
• -treme
• tryma

Translations

the diacritical mark — see diaeresis

Anagrams

• 'mater, METAR, Marte, armet, mater, metra, ramet, tamer, terma

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French tréma, from Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtreː.maː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: tre‧ma
• Rhymes: -eːmaː

Noun

trema n (plural trema's, diminutive tremaatje n)

1. diaresis, trema

Synonyms

• deelteken

Descendants

• → Indonesian: trema

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɾema/ [ˈt̪ɾe.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -ema
• Hyphenation: tre‧ma

Etymology 1

From Latin tremulus.

Alternative forms

• trémbora, trémoa, trémoga, trémora

Noun

trema m (plural tremas)

1. quaking bog (place with a wet spongy ground, sometimes too soft for walking)

   Synonyms: tremedal, tremedeira, tremedoiro, tremesiña

Adjective

trema

1. feminine singular of tremo

Related terms

• Trembedo
• Trémoa
• Tremoedo

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “trema”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “trema”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “trema”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

trema

1. inflection of tremar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
2. inflection of tremer:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch trema, from French tréma, from Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtrema/ [ˈt̪re.ma]
• Rhymes: -ema
• Syllabification: tre‧ma

Noun

trema (plural trema-trema)

1. (linguistics) diaresis, trema

Further reading

• “trema”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Interlingua

Noun

trema (plural tremas)

1. diaeresis

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtrɛ.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɛma
• Hyphenation: trè‧ma

Verb

trema

1. inflection of tremare:
   1. third-person singular present
   2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• Marte, matre, tarme, trame

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek τετραίνω (tetraínō)

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Ancient Greek -μα (-ma)

Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma)bor.

Latin trēma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtreː.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈtrɛː.ma]

Noun

trēma n (genitive trēmatis); third declension

1. (New Latin) an opening, hole, cave

   Synonym: forāmen

Inflection

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	trēma	trēmata
genitive	trēmatis	trēmatum
dative	trēmatī	trēmatibus
accusative	trēma	trēmata
ablative	trēmate	trēmatibus
vocative	trēma	trēmata

Derived terms

• helicotrēma

Descendants

• → English: -treme

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtrɛ.ma/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛma
• Syllabification: tre‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian tremare.

Noun

trema f

1. stage fright (state of nervousness about performing some action in front of a group of people, on or off of a stage; nerves; a lack of self-assurance before an audience)

Declension

Declension of trema

	singular
nominative	trema
genitive	tremy
dative	tremie
accusative	tremę
instrumental	tremą
locative	tremie
vocative	tremo

Derived terms

verbs

• stremować pf
• tremować impf

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek τετραίνω (tetraínō)

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Ancient Greek -μα (-ma)

Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma)bor.

French trémabor.

Polish trema

Borrowed from French tréma.

Noun

trema n (indeclinable)

1. trema, diaeresis (diacritic consisting of two dots (¨) placed over a letter, used among other things to indicate umlaut or diaeresis)

   Synonym: diereza

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

trema n

1. inflection of tremo:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Further reading

• “trema”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “trema”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[2] (in Polish)

Portuguese

Etymology 1

From French tréma, from Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma, “hole”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾẽ.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾẽ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾe.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾe.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: tre‧ma

Noun

trema m (plural tremas)

1. trema, a diacritic (¨)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾẽ.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾẽ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾe.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾɛ.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: tre‧ma

Verb

trema

1. inflection of tremar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾẽ.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾẽ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾe.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtɾe.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: tre‧ma

Verb

trema

1. inflection of tremer:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “trema”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “trema”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /trěːma/

Etymology 1

From Latin tremō (“to shake, tremble”).

Noun

tréma f (Cyrillic spelling тре́ма)

1. stage fright

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Trema, from French tréma, from Ancient Greek τρῆμα (trêma).

Noun

tréma f (Cyrillic spelling тре́ма)

1. (linguistics) diaeresis, trema

Declension

Declension of trema

	singular	plural
nominative	trema	treme
genitive	treme	trema
dative	tremi	tremama
accusative	tremu	treme
vocative	tremo	treme
locative	tremi	tremama
instrumental	tremom	tremama

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɾema/ [ˈt̪ɾe.ma]
• Rhymes: -ema
• Syllabification: tre‧ma

Verb

trema

1. inflection of tremer:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative