valence

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by Rukhabot (talk | contribs) as of 06:01, 31 December 2019.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Valence

English

Etymology 1

In the sense “extract, preparation”, from Latin valentia (“strength, capacity”) (1425). The now-current sense of “combining capacity (of an atom)” is from German Valenz (1884), from the same Latin word. The linguistic definition was formed in analogy to its use in chemistry. The sense “one-dimensional value” used in psychology is also from German Valenz (1935).

Pronunciation

Noun

valence (countable and uncountable, plural valences)

  1. (chemistry, medicine, obsolete) An extract; a preparation, now especially one effective against a certain number of strains of a pathogen.
  3. (chemistry) The combining capacity of an atom, radical or functional group determined by the number of electrons that it will lose, gain, or share when it combines with other atoms etc. [from 1884]
    Synonym: valency
  4. (chemistry) The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen.
  6. (linguistics) The number of arguments that a verb can have, including its subject, ranging from zero (for the likes of "It rains") to three (for the likes of "He gives her a flower") or, less commonly, four.
    Synonym: valency
    The number of bonds that a verb has constitutes what we will call the valence of the verb.
  8. (especially psychology) A one-dimensional value assigned to an object, situation, or state, that can usually be positive or negative. [from 1935]
    anger and fear have negative valence
  9. (sociology) Value.
    • 2017 November 8 (last accessed), “Expectancy Theory Overview”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎[1]:
      Valence means "value" and refers to beliefs about outcome desirability (Redmond, 2010). There are individual differences in the level of value associated with any specific outcome. […] Valence can be thought of as the pressure or importance that a person puts on an expected outcome.
Alternative forms
Derived terms
terms derived from valence
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Etymology 2

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

Noun

valence (plural valences)

  1. Alternative spelling of valance

Further reading

Anagrams

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

valence f

  1. (chemistry) valence, valency
    Synonym: mocenství
  2. (linguistics) valence, valency

Derived terms

Further reading

French

Etymology

Back-formation from monovalence., etc.

Pronunciation

Noun

valence f (plural valences)

  1. (chemistry) valence
  2. (linguistics) valency

See also

Further reading

Anagrams

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=valence&oldid=58263427"