viridis

Latin

Etymology

From vireō (“flourish; be verdant”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯i.ri.dis/, [ˈu̯ɪrɪd̪ɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.ri.dis/, [ˈviːrid̪is]

Adjective

viridis (neuter viride, comparative viridior, superlative viridissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. green
2. young, fresh, lively, youthful

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	viridis	viride		viridēs	viridia
Genitive	viridis			viridium
Dative	viridī			viridibus
Accusative	viridem	viride		viridēs viridīs	viridia
Ablative	viridī			viridibus
Vocative	viridis	viride		viridēs	viridia

Related terms

• viride
• viridia
• viridicātus
• viriditās
• viridiārium
• viridārium
• viridēscō
• viridō

 

Descendants

• Vulgar Latin: *viridia, *virididiāre, *viriditia, *viridūra (see there for further descendants)
• → English: virid (learned)

Reflexes of the syncopic variant virdis:

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: veardi, vearde, verdi
  • Romanian: verde
• Dalmatian:
  • viard
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: verde, verdi
  • Gallurese: veldi
  • Italian: verde
  • Neapolitan: verde
  • Sassarese: verdhi
  • Sicilian: virdi
• North Italian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Ligurian: vèrde
    • Lombard: verd
    • Piedmontese: verd
    • Romagnol: vérd
  • Friulian: vert, verd
  • Istriot: virdo
  • Ladin: vërt
  • Romansch: verd, veard
  • Venetian: vérdo
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: verd
  • Franco-Provençal: vèrd, vèrt
  • Old French: vert
    • Bourguignon: vord
    • Middle French: verd, vert
      • French: vert
        • Haitian Creole: vèt, vè
        • Louisiana Creole: vè, vèr, vær
        • → Wolof: wert
    • Picard: verd
    • Norman: vaert, vèrt
    • Walloon: vert
    • → Middle English: vert
      • English: vert
  • Old Occitan: vert
    • Occitan: verd
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: verde, berde
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: verde
    • Leonese: verde
    • Mirandese: berde
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: verde
    • Fala: verdi
    • Galician: verde
    • Portuguese: verde (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Spanish: verde
    • Ladino: vedre
    • Spanish: verde (see there for further descendants)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: birde, vidre, bidre
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: verdhë
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *gwɨrð (see there for further descendants)

See also

Colors in Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)

albus, candidus, niveus, cēreus, marmoreus, eburneus, cānus, blancus (ML.)	rāvus, pullus, cinereus, cinerāceus, plumbeus, grīseus (ML. or NL.)	niger, āter, piceus, furvus
ruber, rūfus, russus, rubrīcus, pūniceus, murrinus, mulleus; cocceus, coccīnus, badius	rutilus, armeniacus, aurantius, aurantiacus; fuscus, colōrius, cervīnus, spādīx, castaneus, aquilus, fulvus, brunneus (ML.)	flāvus, fulvus, lūteus, gilvus, helvus, croceus, pallidus, blondinus (ML.)
galbus, galbinus, lūridus	viridis	prasinus
cȳaneus	caeruleus, azurīnus (ML.), blāvus (LL.)	glaucus; līvidus; venetus
violāceus, ianthinus, balaustīnus (NL.)	ostrīnus, amethystīnus	purpureus, ātropurpureus, roseus, rosāceus

References

• “viridis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “viridis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• viridis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette