論理

See also: 论理 and 倫理

Chinese

		to talk (about); to discuss; theory to talk (about); to discuss; theory; by the; per; the Analects (of Confucius)	to manage; to heed; to put in order to manage; to heed; to put in order; reason; logic; science; inner principle or structure
trad. (論理)		論	理
simp. (论理)		论	理
anagram		理論／理论

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lùnlǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): leon⁶ lei⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lūn-lí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lung⁶ li²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lùnlǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lùnlǐ
    • Wade–Giles: lun⁴-li³
    • Yale: lwùn-lǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luennlii
    • Palladius: луньли (lunʹli)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: leon⁶ lei⁵
    • Yale: leuhn léih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loen⁶ lei⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: lên⁶ léi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lūn-lí
    • Tâi-lô: lūn-lí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luxnlie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lung⁶ li²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lŭng lí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: lwonH|lwon liX

Rime
Character	論	論	理
Reading #	3/3	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	魂 (55)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	盧困切	盧昆切	良士切
Baxter	lwonH	lwon	liX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luənH/	/luən/	/lɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/luonH/	/luon/	/lɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/luənH/	/luən/	/lieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwənH/	/lwən/	/lɨX/
Li Rong	/luənH/	/luən/	/liəX/
Wang Li	/luənH/	/luən/	/lĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/luənH/	/luən/	/liX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lùn	lún	lǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leon6	leon4	lei5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n]  m(ə).rəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ruːns|ruːn  rɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	論	論	理	理
Reading #	3/3	2/3	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lùn	lún	lǐ	lǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ lwonH ›	‹ lwon ›	‹ liX ›	‹ liX ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁu[n]-s/	/*[r]ˁu[n]/	/*m(ə).rəʔ/	/*m(ə).rəʔ/
English	discussion, discourse	discuss, examine	cut jade; regulate	reason; principle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	論	論	理
Reading #	2/3	1/3	1/1
No.	8656	8649	7827
Phonetic component	侖	侖	里
Rime group	文	文	之
Rime subdivision	2	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	論	論	里
Old Chinese	/*ruːns/	/*ruːn/	/*rɯʔ/

Verb

論理

1. to reason with; to bring round

Synonyms

• 爭辯是非／争辩是非 (zhēngbiàn shìfēi)
• 說理／说理 (shuōlǐ)
• 講道理／讲道理 (jiǎng dàolǐ)

 

Adverb

論理

1. normally; should

Synonyms

• 按理 (ànlǐ)
• 按理說／按理说 (ànlǐshuō)
• 按說／按说 (ànshuō)
• 照理 (zhàolǐ)
• 照紀綱／照纪纲 (Hokkien)
• 論說／论说 (lùnshuō)

 

Noun

論理

1. theory

   • 這種矛盾的論理，非我輩所能信服，亦非我輩所能實行。 [MSC, trad.]
     这种矛盾的论理，非我辈所能信服，亦非我辈所能实行。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: Guo Moruo, 《文藝論集•論中德文化書》

     Zhèzhǒng máodùn de lùnlǐ, fēi wǒbèi suǒ néng xìnfú, yì fēi wǒbèi suǒ néng shíxíng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (obsolete) logic

   • 他說我們法國的文字怎麼好，說是天下最美最明白最合論理的文字。 [MSC, trad.]
     他说我们法国的文字怎么好，说是天下最美最明白最合论理的文字。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1912, Hu Shih (胡適), translator. Translation of La Dernière Classe by Alphonse Daudet into the Chinese as 《割地》.

     Tā shuō wǒmen Fǎguó de wénzì zěnme hǎo, shuō shì tiānxià zuìměi zuìmíngbái zuìhé lùnlǐ de wénzì. [Pinyin]

     [M. Hamel] went on to talk of the French language, saying that it was the most beautiful language in the world - the clearest, the most logical.

   • 在這個階段中，人們還不能造成深刻的概念，作出合乎論理（即合乎邏輯）的結論。 [MSC, trad.]
     在这个阶段中，人们还不能造成深刻的概念，作出合乎论理（即合乎逻辑）的结论。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Zài zhège jiēduàn zhōng, rénmen hái bùnéng zàochéng shēnkè de gàiniàn, zuòchū héhū lùnlǐ (jí héhū luójí) de jiélùn. [Pinyin]

     At this stage, people cannot as yet form concepts, which are deeper, or draw logical conclusions.

Synonyms

• (theory):

• 學說／学说 (xuéshuō)
• 理念 (lǐniàn)
• 理想 (lǐxiǎng) (literary)
• 理論／理论 (lǐlùn)
• 說／说 (literary, or in compounds)

 

• (logic): 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí), 理則／理则 (lǐzé) (obsolete)

Derived terms

• 論理學／论理学 (lùnlǐxué)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
論	理
ろん Grade: 6	り Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 論理／论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”). Compare modern Mandarin reading lùnlǐ.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ろ​んり [róꜜǹrì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɾõ̞nɾʲi]

Noun

論(ろん)理(り) • (ronri) 

1. logic, reason

Related terms

• 論(ろん)理(り)学(がく) (ronrigaku): the study or field of mathematical logic

Korean

Hanja in this term
論	理

Noun

論理 • (nolli) (hangeul 논리)

1. Hanja form^? of 논리 (“logic”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
論	理

Noun

論理

1. chữ Hán form of luận lý (“logic”).