φεύγω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
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From Proto-Hellenic *pʰéugō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg-. Related to φυγή (phugḗ, verbal noun) and Latin fugiō.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰěu̯.ɡɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpʰew.ɡo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈɸeβ.ɣo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈfev.ɣo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈfev.ɣo/
Verb
φεύγω • (pheúgō)
- (intransitive) to flee, run off, go a certain direction with haste (often with prepositions)
- (transitive) to flee, escape, avoid, get away from (danger or trouble)
- (transitive or intransitive) to leave the country, go into exile
- (intransitive) to be exiled, banished, driven out of the country [+ ὑπό (genitive) = by someone]
- (intransitive, present and imperfect) to be in exile, live in banishment
- (perfect) to have escaped, be safe from
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.11–12:
- ἔνθ’ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες, ὅσοι φύγον αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον
οἴκοι ἔσαν, πόλεμόν τε πεφευγότες ἠδὲ θάλασσαν·- énth’ álloi mèn pántes, hósoi phúgon aipùn ólethron
oíkoi ésan, pólemón te pepheugótes ēdè thálassan; - At that time, all the others that had fled sheer destruction
were at home, having escaped war and the sea.
- énth’ álloi mèn pántes, hósoi phúgon aipùn ólethron
- ἔνθ’ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες, ὅσοι φύγον αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον
- (law, chiefly present and imperfect) to be accused of a crime; often with δίκην (díkēn) and genitive of the crime
Usage notes
The present and imperfect often have a conative reading: to try to get away, intend to leave.
Inflection
Future active only appears in Koine Greek, in the form ἐκφεύξω (ekpheúxō).
Present: φεύγω, φεύγομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔφευγον | ἔφευγες | ἔφευγε(ν) | ἐφεύγετον | ἐφευγέτην | ἐφεύγομεν | ἐφεύγετε | ἔφευγον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐφευγόμην | ἐφεύγου | ἐφεύγετο | ἐφεύγεσθον | ἐφευγέσθην | ἐφευγόμεθᾰ | ἐφεύγεσθε | ἐφεύγοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | φεῦγον | φεῦγες | φεῦγε(ν) | φεύγετον | φευγέτην | φεύγομεν | φεύγετε | φεῦγον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | φευγόμην | φεύγου | φεύγετο | φεύγεσθον | φευγέσθην | φευγόμε(σ)θᾰ | φεύγεσθε | φεύγοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: φεύγεσκον, φευγεσκόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | φεύγεσκον | φεύγεσκες | φεύγεσκε(ν) | φευγέσκετον | φευγεσκέτην | φευγέσκομεν | φευγέσκετε | φεύγεσκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | φευγεσκόμην | φευγέσκου | φευγέσκετο | φευγέσκεσθον | φευγεσκέσθην | φευγεσκόμεθᾰ | φευγέσκεσθε | φευγέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: φεύξομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | φεύξομαι | φεύξῃ, φεύξει |
φεύξεται | φεύξεσθον | φεύξεσθον | φευξόμεθᾰ | φεύξεσθε | φεύξονται | ||||
optative | φευξοίμην | φεύξοιο | φεύξοιτο | φεύξοισθον | φευξοίσθην | φευξοίμεθᾰ | φεύξοισθε | φεύξοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | φεύξεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | φευξόμενος | |||||||||||
f | φευξομένη | ||||||||||||
n | φευξόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | indicative | -φεύξω | -φεύξεις | -φεύξει | -φεύξετον | -φεύξετον | -φεύξομεν | -φεύξετε | -φεύξουσῐ(ν) |
optative | -φεύξοιμῐ | -φεύξοις | -φεύξοι | -φεύξοιτον | -φευξοίτην | -φεύξοιμεν | -φεύξοιτε | -φεύξοιεν | |
active | |||||||||
infinitive | -φεύξειν | ||||||||
participle | m | -φεύξων | |||||||
f | -φεύξουσᾰ | ||||||||
n | -φεῦξον |
Aorist: ἔφῠγον
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔφῠγον | ἔφῠγες | ἔφῠγε(ν) | ἐφῠ́γετον | ἐφῠγέτην | ἐφῠ́γομεν | ἐφῠ́γετε | ἔφῠγον | ||||
subjunctive | φῠ́γω | φῠ́γῃς | φῠ́γῃ | φῠ́γητον | φῠ́γητον | φῠ́γωμεν | φῠ́γητε | φῠ́γωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | φῠ́γοιμῐ | φῠ́γοις | φῠ́γοι | φῠ́γοιτον | φῠγοίτην | φῠ́γοιμεν | φῠ́γοιτε | φῠ́γοιεν | |||||
imperative | φῠ́γε | φῠγέτω | φῠ́γετον | φῠγέτων | φῠ́γετε | φῠγόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | φῠγεῖν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | φῠγών | |||||||||||
f | φῠγοῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | φῠγόν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | φῠ́γον | φῠ́γες | φῠ́γε(ν) | φῠ́γετον | φῠγέτην | φῠ́γομεν | φῠ́γετε | φῠ́γον | ||||
subjunctive | φῠ́γω, φῠ́γωμῐ |
φῠ́γῃς, φῠ́γῃσθᾰ |
φῠ́γῃ, φῠ́γῃσῐ |
φῠ́γητον | φῠ́γητον | φῠ́γωμεν | φῠ́γητε | φῠ́γωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | φῠ́γοιμῐ | φῠ́γοις/φῠ́γοισθᾰ | φῠ́γοι | φῠγεῖτον | φῠγείτην | φῠγεῖμεν | φῠγεῖτε | φῠγεῖεν | |||||
imperative | φῠ́γε | φῠγέτω | φῠ́γετον | φῠγέτων | φῠ́γετε | φῠγόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | φῠγεῖν/φῠγέμεν(αι) | ||||||||||||
participle | m | φῠγών | |||||||||||
f | φῠγοῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | φῠγόν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | φῠ́γεσκον | φῠ́γεσκες | φῠ́γεσκε(ν) | φῠγέσκετον | φῠγεσκέτην | φῠγέσκομεν | φῠγέσκετε | φῠ́γεσκον | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Antonyms
- (to flee, be accused): διώκω (diṓkō, “to pursue, accuse”)
Derived terms
- with prepositional prefixes
- ἀναφεύγω (anapheúgō)
- ἀποφεύγω (apopheúgō)
- διαφεύγω (diapheúgō)
- διεκφεύγω (diekpheúgō)
- ἐκφεύγω (ekpheúgō)
- καταφεύγω (katapheúgō)
- περιφεύγω (peripheúgō)
- προφεύγω (propheúgō)
- προκαταφεύγω (prokatapheúgō)
- προσφεύγω (prospheúgō)
- συμφεύγω (sumpheúgō)
- ὑπεκφεύγω (hupekpheúgō)
- ὑπεκπροφεύγω (hupekpropheúgō)
- ὑποφεύγω (hupopheúgō)
- suffixed
Related terms
References
“φεύγω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φεύγω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “φεύγω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- φεύγω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- φεύγω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “φεύγω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5343 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek φεύγω (pheúgō), from Proto-Hellenic *pʰéugō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg-. Has been displaced by δραπετεύω (drapetévo) in the Ancient Greek sense of "to flee".
Verb
- (transitive, intransitive) leave, depart, go
Conjugation
Synonyms
- αναχωρώ (anachoró)
Antonyms
- έρχομαι (érchomai)
Derived terms
- καταφεύγω (katafévgo)
See also
Further reading
- “φεύγω”, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998
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- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
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- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Law
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek transitive verbs
- Greek intransitive verbs
- Greek terms with usage examples