exile

See also: Exile and exilé

English

Etymology

Middle English exil, from Old French essil, exil, from Latin exsilium, exilium (“state of exile”), derived from exsul, exul (“exiled person”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈɛɡˌzaɪl/, /ˈɛkˌsaɪl/
• Hyphenation: ex‧ile

Noun

exile (countable and uncountable, plural exiles)

1. (uncountable) The state of being banished from one's home or country.

   He lived in exile.

   They chose exile rather than assimilation.

   • Shakespeare

     Let them be recalled from their exile.

2. (countable) Someone who is banished from their home or country.
   • Shakespeare

     Thou art an exile, and thou must not stay.

   She lived as an exile.

Synonyms

• (the state): banishment
• (the person): expatriate, expat

Derived terms

• internal exile

Translations

the state of being banished from one's home or country

• Albanian: syrgjyni m, internimi m
• Arabic: نَفْي‎‎ (nafy), نَفْي‎‎ (nafy)
• Aramaic: גלותא‎‎ f
• Armenian: աքսոր (hy) (akʿsor), աքսորում (hy) (akʿsorum)
• Asturian: exiliu m, estierru m, destierru m
• Bashkir: һөргөн (hörgön)
• Bulgarian: изгнание (bg) n (izgnanie), заточение (bg) (zatočenie)
• Catalan: exili (ca) m, bandejament m, desterrament m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 流亡 (zh) (liúwáng), 放逐 (zh) (fàngzhú), 流放 (zh) (liúfàng)

• Czech: vyhnanství n, exil m
• Dutch: ballingschap (nl) f
• Finnish: maanpako (fi), maanpakolaisuus (fi)
• French: exil (fr) m
• Galician: exilio m, desterro m
• Georgian: გაძევება (gaʒeveba), განდევნა (gandevna)
• German: Exil (de) n
• Greek: εξορία (el) f (exoría)
• Hebrew: גלות‎‎ (he) (galút)
• Hindi: निर्वासन (hi) (Nirvāsana)
• Hungarian: száműzés (hu), száműzetés (hu)
• Indonesian: pengasingan (id)

• Irish: deoraíocht f
• Italian: esilio (it) m
• Japanese: 亡命 (ja) (ぼうめい, bōmei), 追放 (ja) (ついほう, tsuihō)
• Latin: ablēgātiō f
• Latvian: trimda f, izraidījums m
• Maltese: eżilju m
• Manx: joarreeaght f, joarreeys m
• Maori: whakapakotanga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: eksil n, utlendighet m, f

  Nynorsk: eksil n

• Polish: wygnanie (pl) n
• Portuguese: exílio (pt) m, desterro (pt) m
• Romanian: exil (ro) n, exilare (ro) f
• Russian: ссы́лка (ru) f (ssýlka), изгна́ние (ru) n (izgnánije)
• Serbo-Croatian: izgnànstvo n, prògōnstvo (sh) n
• Spanish: exilio (es) m, destierro (es) m
• Swedish: exil (sv) c
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: sürgün (tr)
• Volapük: xil (vo)
• Welsh: alltudiaeth f

someone who is banished from one's home or country

• Albanian: i internuari m, e internuara f
• Armenian: աքսորյալ (hy) (akʿsoryal)
• Bashkir: һөрөлгән (hörölgän) кеше
• Bulgarian: изгнаник (bg) m (izgnanik), заточеник (bg) m (zatočenik)
• Catalan: exiliat m, exiliada f, bandejat m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Czech: vyhnanec m, exulant m
• Dutch: banneling (nl) m
• Finnish: maanpakolainen (fi)
• French: exilé (fr)
• German: Exilant (de) m, Exilantin f, Verbannter m
• Greek: εξόριστος (el) m (exóristos)
• Hebrew: גולה‎‎ m, f
• Hungarian: száműzött (hu)
• Irish: deoraí m

• Italian: esiliato (it), esule (it)
• Japanese: 亡命者 (ぼうめいしゃ, bōmeisha)
• Latvian: trimdinieks m, izraidītais m
• Manx: eebyrtagh m, fogaragh m
• Polish: wygnaniec (pl) m
• Portuguese: exilado (pt) m
• Romanian: exilat (ro) m
• Russian: ссы́льный (ru) (ssýlʹnyj), изгна́нник (ru) m (izgnánnik)
• Scottish Gaelic: fògarrach m, deòradh m, eilthireach m
• Serbo-Croatian: ìzgnanīk m, ìzgnanica f, prògnanīk (sh) m, prògnanica (sh) f
• Spanish: exiliado (es) m, desterrado (es) m
• Swedish: landsflykting c
• Tibetan: བཙན་བྱོལ་བ (btsan byol ba)
• Volapük: xiläb (vo)
• Welsh: alltud m, f
• West Frisian: balling

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Icelandic: ^{(please verify)} útlagi

• Old English: ^{(please verify)} wreċċa

Verb

exile (third-person singular simple present exiles, present participle exiling, simple past and past participle exiled)

1. (transitive) To send into exile.
   • Tennyson

     Exiled from eternal God.

   • Shakespeare

     Calling home our exiled friends abroad.

Synonyms

• banish, forban

Translations

to send into exile

• Asturian: exiliar, esterrar, desterrar
• Belarusian: высыла́ць impf (vysylácʹ), вы́слаць pf (výslacʹ)
• Bulgarian: заточавам (bg) (zatočavam)
• Catalan: exiliar (ca), bandejar (ca), desterrar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Dalmatian: esiljur
• Dutch: verbannen (nl)
• Esperanto: ekzili
• Finnish: karkottaa (fi), ajaa maanpakoon
• Galician: exiliar, desterrar (gl)
• German: ins Exil schicken, exilieren
• Greek: εξορίζω (el) (exorízo)
• Hebrew: הגלה‎‎ (higlá)
• Hungarian: száműz (hu)

• Irish: ionnarb, díbir
• Italian: esiliare (it)
• Latvian: izraidīt
• Luxembourgish: exiléieren
• Manx: eebyrt
• Maori: whakapako
• Polish: wygnać
• Portuguese: exilar (pt), desterrar (pt)
• Romanian: exila (ro)
• Russian: вы́сылать (ru) impf (výsylatʹ), вы́слать (ru) pf (výslatʹ)
• Spanish: exiliar (es), desterrar (es)
• Swedish: landsförvisa
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Ukrainian: висила́ти impf (vysyláty), ви́слати pf (výslaty)
• Welsh: alltudio

Anagrams

• Lexie, lexie

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French

Verb

exile

1. first-person singular present indicative of exiler
2. third-person singular present indicative of exiler
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of exiler
4. first-person singular present subjunctive of exiler
5. second-person singular imperative of exiler

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Latin

Adjective

exīle

1. nominative neuter singular of exīlis
2. accusative neuter singular of exīlis
3. vocative neuter singular of exīlis

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Portuguese

Verb

exile

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of exilar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of exilar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of exilar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of exilar

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Spanish

Verb

exile

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of exilar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of exilar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of exilar.
4. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of exilar.