на-

See also: на, ня, -на, -ња, and Appendix:Variations of "na"

Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nə]
• IPA^(key): [ˈna] (when stressed)

Prefix

на- • (na-)

1. (used with verbs) onto, upon

   ‎на- (na-) + ‎идти́ (idtí, “to go”) → ‎найти́ (najtí, “to find”, literally “to come upon”)

2. (used with verbs) to repletion, to satiation, to the full, enough, too much

   ‎на- (na-) + ‎пить (pitʹ, “to drink”) + ‎-ся (-sja, reflexive suffi) → ‎напи́ться (napítʹsja, “to drink to the full; to quench one’s thirst; to get drunk”)

3. (used with verbs) a quantity of, a lot of

   ‎на- (na-) + ‎купи́ть (kupítʹ, “to buy”) → ‎накупи́ть книг (nakupítʹ knig, “to buy a quantity of books, a lot of books”)

Usage notes

• The stressed variant is found in the following situations:
  1. the past participle of verbs with a one-syllable root ending in -ать: e.g. на́званный (názvannyj) from назва́ть (nazvátʹ), на́чатый (náčatyj) from нача́ть (načátʹ);
  2. some deverbal nouns: e.g. на́тиск (nátisk, “onslaught, pressure”) from нати́скать (natískatʹ);
  3. some adverbs: e.g. на́прочь (nápročʹ, “absolutely, without a trace (colloquial)”), на́смерть (násmertʹ, “to death, utterly”), на́земь (názemʹ, “down, onto the ground (poetic)”).

Derived terms

Russian terms prefixed with на-

Related terms

• на (na)