собака

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Old East Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Middle Iranian dialectal *sabāka-, from Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Compare Zoroastrian Dari [script needed] (sabah), Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ) [the source of Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, dog)], Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀(spaka, dog-like).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /sɔˈbɑkɑ/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /sɔˈbaka/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /sɔˈbaka/
  • Hyphenation: со‧ба‧ка

Noun[edit]

собака (sobakam

  1. dog

Declension[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Old Ruthenian[edit]

соба́ка

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old East Slavic соба́ка (sobáka), further borrowed from Middle Iranian dialectal *sabāka-, from Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Cognates include Russian соба́ка (sobáka), Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ), Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak) and Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀(spaka).

Noun[edit]

соба́ка (sobákam anim or f anim (related adjective собачїй, diminutive собачка)

  1. dog
    • к озерꙋ з неводомъ ехати волно а собаки емꙋ не братиk ozeru z nevodom exati volno a sobaki emu ne brati(please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Synonym: песъ (pes)

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Russian[edit]

Russian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ru
Соба́ка

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old East Slavic собака (sobaka), derived from Middle Iranian *sabāka-, from West Iranian *spaka, from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ; compare Zoroastrian Dari [script needed] (sabah), Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ) [the source of Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, dog)], Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀(spaka, dog-like). Cognates include Ukrainian соба́ка (sobáka), Belarusian саба́ка (sabáka), Polish sobaka (dialectal), Kashubian sobaka (bitch (female dog); dissolute man), Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [sɐˈbakə]
  • (file)

Noun[edit]

соба́ка (sobákaf anim (genitive соба́ки, nominative plural соба́ки, genitive plural соба́к, relational adjective соба́чий, diminutive соба́чка)

  1. dog
    Synonym: пёс (pjos)
    сторожева́я соба́каstoroževája sobákawatchdog
    дворо́вая соба́каdvoróvaja sobákacur, mongrel, mutt
    Вот где соба́ка зарыта!Vot gde sobáka zaryta!Now I see it!
    Его́ ка́ждая соба́ка зна́етJevó káždaja sobáka znájetEveryone knows him. (literally, “Every dog knows him”)
    голо́дный как соба́каgolódnyj kak sobákaas hungry as a dog; wolfish, rapacious
    замёрзнуть как соба́каzamjórznutʹ kak sobákato be chilled to the marrow
    злой как соба́каzloj kak sobákamad as hell (literally, “vicious as a dog”)
    ну́жный как соба́ке пя́тая нога́núžnyj kak sobáke pjátaja nogáneeded like a hole in the head (literally, “needed like a dog needs a fifth leg”)
    соба́ка на се́неsobáka na sénedog in the manger
    соба́ку съестьsobáku sʺjestʹto know something inside out
    уста́ть как соба́каustátʹ kak sobákato be dog-tired
  2. hound
    соба́ка-ище́йкаsobáka-iščéjkabloodhound
  3. (derogatory, figuratively) mongrel, cur, bastard (a detestable person)
  4. (colloquial, figuratively) fox (a clever, capable person)
  5. (Internet) @ (at sign)
  6. (computing slang) watchdog timer

Declension[edit]

Hyponyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “собака”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress


Ukrainian[edit]

Ukrainian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia uk
собака

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Ruthenian соба́ка (sobáka), from Old East Slavic собака (sobaka), derived from Middle Iranian *sabāka-, from West Iranian *spaka, from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

соба́ка (sobákam animal or f animal (genitive соба́ки, nominative plural соба́ки, genitive plural соба́к)

  1. dog (animal)
    Synonyms: (poetic) пес (pes), су́ка (súka, female dog)

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Polish: sobaka (dialectal)
    • Kashubian: sobaka (bitch (female dog); dissolute man)

Noun[edit]

соба́ка (sobákam pers or f pers (genitive соба́ки, nominative plural соба́ки, genitive plural соба́к)

  1. (figuratively, derogatory) scoundrel, detestable person

Declension[edit]

References[edit]