خل

See also: چل, حل, and جل

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic חָלָא / ܚܠܐ (ḥallā, “vinegar”), from Akkadian 𒂁𒄬 (/⁠ḫallu⁠/), from Sumerian 𒂁𒄬 (/⁠ḫal⁠/, “pot; earthen container for storing liquids”).

Noun

خَلّ • (ḵall) m

1. vinegar
2. (obsolete, figurative) evil, ill

Declension

Declension of noun خَلّ (ḵall)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَلّ ḵall	الْخَلّ al-ḵall	خَلّ ḵall
Nominative	خَلٌّ ḵallun	الْخَلُّ al-ḵallu	خَلُّ ḵallu
Accusative	خَلًّا ḵallan	الْخَلَّ al-ḵalla	خَلَّ ḵalla
Genitive	خَلٍّ ḵallin	الْخَلِّ al-ḵalli	خَلِّ ḵalli

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: خل (ḵaḷ)
• Maltese: ħall
• → Amharic: ከል (käll)
  • → Ge'ez: ከል (käll)
• → Harari: ኃል (ḫal)
• → Somali: khal
• → Tigre: ከል (käll)

Etymology 2

Root
خ ل ل (ḵ l l)
16 terms

Verb

خَلَّ • (ḵalla) I (non-past يَخُلُّ (yaḵullu), verbal noun خَلّ (ḵall) or خُلُول (ḵulūl))

1. to become lean or scanty

Conjugation

    Conjugation of خَلَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, no passive, verbal nouns خَلّ, خُلُول)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						خَلّ, خُلُول ḵall, ḵulūl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						خَالّ ḵāll
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خَلَلْتُ ḵalaltu	خَلَلْتَ ḵalalta	خَلَّ ḵalla		خَلَلْتُمَا ḵalaltumā	خَلَّا ḵallā		خَلَلْنَا ḵalalnā	خَلَلْتُمْ ḵalaltum	خَلُّوا ḵallū
	f		خَلَلْتِ ḵalalti	خَلَّتْ ḵallat			خَلَّتَا ḵallatā			خَلَلْتُنَّ ḵalaltunna	خَلَلْنَ ḵalalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَخُلُّ ʔaḵullu	تَخُلُّ taḵullu	يَخُلُّ yaḵullu		تَخُلَّانِ taḵullāni	يَخُلَّانِ yaḵullāni		نَخُلُّ naḵullu	تَخُلُّونَ taḵullūna	يَخُلُّونَ yaḵullūna
	f		تَخُلِّينَ taḵullīna	تَخُلُّ taḵullu			تَخُلَّانِ taḵullāni			تَخْلُلْنَ taḵlulna	يَخْلُلْنَ yaḵlulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَخُلَّ ʔaḵulla	تَخُلَّ taḵulla	يَخُلَّ yaḵulla		تَخُلَّا taḵullā	يَخُلَّا yaḵullā		نَخُلَّ naḵulla	تَخُلُّوا taḵullū	يَخُلُّوا yaḵullū
	f		تَخُلِّي taḵullī	تَخُلَّ taḵulla			تَخُلَّا taḵullā			تَخْلُلْنَ taḵlulna	يَخْلُلْنَ yaḵlulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَخُلَّ, أَخُلِّ, أَخْلُلْ ʔaḵulla, ʔaḵulli, ʔaḵlul	تَخُلَّ, تَخُلِّ, تَخْلُلْ taḵulla, taḵulli, taḵlul	يَخُلَّ, يَخُلِّ, يَخْلُلْ yaḵulla, yaḵulli, yaḵlul		تَخُلَّا taḵullā	يَخُلَّا yaḵullā		نَخُلَّ, نَخُلِّ, نَخْلُلْ naḵulla, naḵulli, naḵlul	تَخُلُّوا taḵullū	يَخُلُّوا yaḵullū
	f		تَخُلِّي taḵullī	تَخُلَّ, تَخُلِّ, تَخْلُلْ taḵulla, taḵulli, taḵlul			تَخُلَّا taḵullā			تَخْلُلْنَ taḵlulna	يَخْلُلْنَ yaḵlulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		خُلَّ, خُلِّ, اُخْلُلْ ḵulla, ḵulli, uḵlul			خُلَّا ḵullā				خُلُّوا ḵullū
	f		خُلِّي ḵullī							اُخْلُلْنَ uḵlulna

Verb

خَلَّ • (ḵalla) I (non-past يَخُلُّ (yaḵullu), verbal noun خَلّ (ḵall))

1. to pierce, to transfix

Conjugation

    Conjugation of خَلَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun خَلّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						خَلّ ḵall
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						خَالّ ḵāll
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَخْلُول maḵlūl
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خَلَلْتُ ḵalaltu	خَلَلْتَ ḵalalta	خَلَّ ḵalla		خَلَلْتُمَا ḵalaltumā	خَلَّا ḵallā		خَلَلْنَا ḵalalnā	خَلَلْتُمْ ḵalaltum	خَلُّوا ḵallū
	f		خَلَلْتِ ḵalalti	خَلَّتْ ḵallat			خَلَّتَا ḵallatā			خَلَلْتُنَّ ḵalaltunna	خَلَلْنَ ḵalalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَخُلُّ ʔaḵullu	تَخُلُّ taḵullu	يَخُلُّ yaḵullu		تَخُلَّانِ taḵullāni	يَخُلَّانِ yaḵullāni		نَخُلُّ naḵullu	تَخُلُّونَ taḵullūna	يَخُلُّونَ yaḵullūna
	f		تَخُلِّينَ taḵullīna	تَخُلُّ taḵullu			تَخُلَّانِ taḵullāni			تَخْلُلْنَ taḵlulna	يَخْلُلْنَ yaḵlulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَخُلَّ ʔaḵulla	تَخُلَّ taḵulla	يَخُلَّ yaḵulla		تَخُلَّا taḵullā	يَخُلَّا yaḵullā		نَخُلَّ naḵulla	تَخُلُّوا taḵullū	يَخُلُّوا yaḵullū
	f		تَخُلِّي taḵullī	تَخُلَّ taḵulla			تَخُلَّا taḵullā			تَخْلُلْنَ taḵlulna	يَخْلُلْنَ yaḵlulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَخُلَّ, أَخُلِّ, أَخْلُلْ ʔaḵulla, ʔaḵulli, ʔaḵlul	تَخُلَّ, تَخُلِّ, تَخْلُلْ taḵulla, taḵulli, taḵlul	يَخُلَّ, يَخُلِّ, يَخْلُلْ yaḵulla, yaḵulli, yaḵlul		تَخُلَّا taḵullā	يَخُلَّا yaḵullā		نَخُلَّ, نَخُلِّ, نَخْلُلْ naḵulla, naḵulli, naḵlul	تَخُلُّوا taḵullū	يَخُلُّوا yaḵullū
	f		تَخُلِّي taḵullī	تَخُلَّ, تَخُلِّ, تَخْلُلْ taḵulla, taḵulli, taḵlul			تَخُلَّا taḵullā			تَخْلُلْنَ taḵlulna	يَخْلُلْنَ yaḵlulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		خُلَّ, خُلِّ, اُخْلُلْ ḵulla, ḵulli, uḵlul			خُلَّا ḵullā				خُلُّوا ḵullū
	f		خُلِّي ḵullī							اُخْلُلْنَ uḵlulna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خُلِلْتُ ḵuliltu	خُلِلْتَ ḵulilta	خُلَّ ḵulla		خُلِلْتُمَا ḵuliltumā	خُلَّا ḵullā		خُلِلْنَا ḵulilnā	خُلِلْتُمْ ḵuliltum	خُلُّوا ḵullū
	f		خُلِلْتِ ḵulilti	خُلَّتْ ḵullat			خُلَّتَا ḵullatā			خُلِلْتُنَّ ḵuliltunna	خُلِلْنَ ḵulilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُخَلُّ ʔuḵallu	تُخَلُّ tuḵallu	يُخَلُّ yuḵallu		تُخَلَّانِ tuḵallāni	يُخَلَّانِ yuḵallāni		نُخَلُّ nuḵallu	تُخَلُّونَ tuḵallūna	يُخَلُّونَ yuḵallūna
	f		تُخَلِّينَ tuḵallīna	تُخَلُّ tuḵallu			تُخَلَّانِ tuḵallāni			تُخْلَلْنَ tuḵlalna	يُخْلَلْنَ yuḵlalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُخَلَّ ʔuḵalla	تُخَلَّ tuḵalla	يُخَلَّ yuḵalla		تُخَلَّا tuḵallā	يُخَلَّا yuḵallā		نُخَلَّ nuḵalla	تُخَلُّوا tuḵallū	يُخَلُّوا yuḵallū
	f		تُخَلِّي tuḵallī	تُخَلَّ tuḵalla			تُخَلَّا tuḵallā			تُخْلَلْنَ tuḵlalna	يُخْلَلْنَ yuḵlalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُخَلَّ, أُخَلِّ, أُخْلَلْ ʔuḵalla, ʔuḵalli, ʔuḵlal	تُخَلَّ, تُخَلِّ, تُخْلَلْ tuḵalla, tuḵalli, tuḵlal	يُخَلَّ, يُخَلِّ, يُخْلَلْ yuḵalla, yuḵalli, yuḵlal		تُخَلَّا tuḵallā	يُخَلَّا yuḵallā		نُخَلَّ, نُخَلِّ, نُخْلَلْ nuḵalla, nuḵalli, nuḵlal	تُخَلُّوا tuḵallū	يُخَلُّوا yuḵallū
	f		تُخَلِّي tuḵallī	تُخَلَّ, تُخَلِّ, تُخْلَلْ tuḵalla, tuḵalli, tuḵlal			تُخَلَّا tuḵallā			تُخْلَلْنَ tuḵlalna	يُخْلَلْنَ yuḵlalna

Noun

خَلّ • (ḵall) m

1. verbal noun of خَلَّ (ḵalla) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun خَلّ (ḵall)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَلّ ḵall	الْخَلّ al-ḵall	خَلّ ḵall
Nominative	خَلٌّ ḵallun	الْخَلُّ al-ḵallu	خَلُّ ḵallu
Accusative	خَلًّا ḵallan	الْخَلَّ al-ḵalla	خَلَّ ḵalla
Genitive	خَلٍّ ḵallin	الْخَلِّ al-ḵalli	خَلِّ ḵalli

Noun

خَلّ • (ḵall) m (plural أَخُلّ (ʔaḵull) or خِلَال (ḵilāl))

1. path through sandy ground
2. an oblong tract of sand
3. a vein of the neck and back
4. worn garment
5. camel in the second year

Declension

Declension of noun خَلّ (ḵall)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَلّ ḵall	الْخَلّ al-ḵall	خَلّ ḵall
Nominative	خَلٌّ ḵallun	الْخَلُّ al-ḵallu	خَلُّ ḵallu
Accusative	خَلًّا ḵallan	الْخَلَّ al-ḵalla	خَلَّ ḵalla
Genitive	خَلٍّ ḵallin	الْخَلِّ al-ḵalli	خَلِّ ḵalli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَلَّيْن ḵallayn	الْخَلَّيْن al-ḵallayn	خَلَّيْ ḵallay
Nominative	خَلَّانِ ḵallāni	الْخَلَّانِ al-ḵallāni	خَلَّا ḵallā
Accusative	خَلَّيْنِ ḵallayni	الْخَلَّيْنِ al-ḵallayni	خَلَّيْ ḵallay
Genitive	خَلَّيْنِ ḵallayni	الْخَلَّيْنِ al-ḵallayni	خَلَّيْ ḵallay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَخُلّ‎; خِلَال ʔaḵull‎; ḵilāl	الْأَخُلّ‎; الْخِلَال al-ʔaḵull‎; al-ḵilāl	أَخُلّ‎; خِلَال ʔaḵull‎; ḵilāl
Nominative	أَخُلٌّ‎; خِلَالٌ ʔaḵullun‎; ḵilālun	الْأَخُلُّ‎; الْخِلَالُ al-ʔaḵullu‎; al-ḵilālu	أَخُلُّ‎; خِلَالُ ʔaḵullu‎; ḵilālu
Accusative	أَخُلًّا‎; خِلَالًا ʔaḵullan‎; ḵilālan	الْأَخُلَّ‎; الْخِلَالَ al-ʔaḵulla‎; al-ḵilāla	أَخُلَّ‎; خِلَالَ ʔaḵulla‎; ḵilāla
Genitive	أَخُلٍّ‎; خِلَالٍ ʔaḵullin‎; ḵilālin	الْأَخُلِّ‎; الْخِلَالِ al-ʔaḵulli‎; al-ḵilāli	أَخُلِّ‎; خِلَالِ ʔaḵulli‎; ḵilāli

Noun

خِلّ • (ḵill) m (plural أَخْلَال (ʔaḵlāl))

1. friend (male or female)

Declension

Declension of noun خِلّ (ḵill)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خِلّ ḵill	الْخِلّ al-ḵill	خِلّ ḵill
Nominative	خِلٌّ ḵillun	الْخِلُّ al-ḵillu	خِلُّ ḵillu
Accusative	خِلًّا ḵillan	الْخِلَّ al-ḵilla	خِلَّ ḵilla
Genitive	خِلٍّ ḵillin	الْخِلِّ al-ḵilli	خِلِّ ḵilli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خِلَّيْن ḵillayn	الْخِلَّيْن al-ḵillayn	خِلَّيْ ḵillay
Nominative	خِلَّانِ ḵillāni	الْخِلَّانِ al-ḵillāni	خِلَّا ḵillā
Accusative	خِلَّيْنِ ḵillayni	الْخِلَّيْنِ al-ḵillayni	خِلَّيْ ḵillay
Genitive	خِلَّيْنِ ḵillayni	الْخِلَّيْنِ al-ḵillayni	خِلَّيْ ḵillay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَخْلَال ʔaḵlāl	الْأَخْلَال al-ʔaḵlāl	أَخْلَال ʔaḵlāl
Nominative	أَخْلَالٌ ʔaḵlālun	الْأَخْلَالُ al-ʔaḵlālu	أَخْلَالُ ʔaḵlālu
Accusative	أَخْلَالًا ʔaḵlālan	الْأَخْلَالَ al-ʔaḵlāla	أَخْلَالَ ʔaḵlāla
Genitive	أَخْلَالٍ ʔaḵlālin	الْأَخْلَالِ al-ʔaḵlāli	أَخْلَالِ ʔaḵlāli

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

خَلِّ • (ḵalli) (form II)

1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of خَلَّى (ḵallā)

Brahui

Etymology

From Proto-Dravidian *kal (“stone”). Cognate with Tamil கல் (kal), Malayalam കല്ല് (kallŭ), Kannada ಕಲ್ಲು (kallu), Telugu కల్లు (kallu).

Noun

خَل (xal) (plural خَلْک)

1. stone

Derived terms

• خَلَخُو (xalaxū, “stoned to death”)
• خَل موڷ (xal moł, “kind of medicinal substance”)

Further reading

• Bray, Denys (1934) “khal”, in The Brahui Language‎^[1], Calcutta, India: Superintendent Government Printing, Part II: The Brāhūī Problem; Part III: Etymological Vocabulary, page 178
• Ali, Liaquat, Kobayashi, Masato (2024) “xal”, in Brahui Texts: Glossed and Translated Short Stories and Folktales‎^[2], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, page 732

Gulf Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic خَلّ (ḵall).

Pronunciation

• (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /χəɫ/

Noun

خَل • (ḵaḷ) m

1. (uncountable) vinegar

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /χəl/

Verb

خَل • (ḵal)

1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of خلى (“to let”)