طبق

Arabic

Root
ط ب ق (ṭ b q)
14 terms

Etymology 1

Alteration of طَابَق (ṭābaq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤa.baq/

Noun

طَبَق • (ṭabaq) m (plural أَطْبَاق (ʔaṭbāq))

1. plate (serving dish)
2. anything in the shape of a serving dish, such as a satellite dish (طَبَق الْقَمَر (ṭabaq al-qamar)), flying saucer (طَبَق طَائِر (ṭabaq ṭāʔir))
3. a thing that is the equal of another thing so that it covers it, lid, cover
4. (obsolete) a joint, a limb or member of the body; bone of the head
5. (phonetics) velum, the soft palate

Declension

Declension of noun طَبَق (ṭabaq)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	طَبَق ṭabaq	الطَّبَق aṭ-ṭabaq	طَبَق ṭabaq
nominative	طَبَقٌ ṭabaqun	الطَّبَقُ aṭ-ṭabaqu	طَبَقُ ṭabaqu
accusative	طَبَقًا ṭabaqan	الطَّبَقَ aṭ-ṭabaqa	طَبَقَ ṭabaqa
genitive	طَبَقٍ ṭabaqin	الطَّبَقِ aṭ-ṭabaqi	طَبَقِ ṭabaqi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	طَبَقَيْن ṭabaqayn	الطَّبَقَيْن aṭ-ṭabaqayn	طَبَقَيْ ṭabaqay
nominative	طَبَقَانِ ṭabaqāni	الطَّبَقَانِ aṭ-ṭabaqāni	طَبَقَا ṭabaqā
accusative	طَبَقَيْنِ ṭabaqayni	الطَّبَقَيْنِ aṭ-ṭabaqayni	طَبَقَيْ ṭabaqay
genitive	طَبَقَيْنِ ṭabaqayni	الطَّبَقَيْنِ aṭ-ṭabaqayni	طَبَقَيْ ṭabaqay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَطْبَاق ʔaṭbāq	الْأَطْبَاق al-ʔaṭbāq	أَطْبَاق ʔaṭbāq
nominative	أَطْبَاقٌ ʔaṭbāqun	الْأَطْبَاقُ al-ʔaṭbāqu	أَطْبَاقُ ʔaṭbāqu
accusative	أَطْبَاقًا ʔaṭbāqan	الْأَطْبَاقَ al-ʔaṭbāqa	أَطْبَاقَ ʔaṭbāqa
genitive	أَطْبَاقٍ ʔaṭbāqin	الْأَطْبَاقِ al-ʔaṭbāqi	أَطْبَاقِ ʔaṭbāqi

Descendants

• Old Galician-Portuguese: atavaque
  • Portuguese: atabaque
    • → English: atabaque

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤab.ba.qa/

Verb

طَبَّقَ • (ṭabbaqa) II (non-past يُطَبِّقُ (yuṭabbiqu), verbal noun تَطْبِيق (taṭbīq))

1. to superpose, to make cover or covered so that there is congruence, to fold into one another or together
   • 2018, وَجْدِيّ الْأَهْدَل [wajdiyy al-ʔahdal], أرض المؤامرات السعيدة, Bayrūt: Nawfal / Hachette Antoine, →ISBN, page 193:

     قرّرتُ إكمال المقالة في وقت آخر. طبّقتُ الكمبيوتر المحمول، وذهبتُ إلى الحمّام.

     I decided to finish the article another time. I closed the portable computer and went to the bathroom.

2. (loosely) to apply, to implement

Conjugation

Conjugation of طَبَّقَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَطْبِيق)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَطْبِيق taṭbīq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُطَبِّق muṭabbiq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُطَبَّق muṭabbaq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	طَبَّقْتُ ṭabbaqtu	طَبَّقْتَ ṭabbaqta	طَبَّقَ ṭabbaqa		طَبَّقْتُمَا ṭabbaqtumā	طَبَّقَا ṭabbaqā		طَبَّقْنَا ṭabbaqnā	طَبَّقْتُمْ ṭabbaqtum	طَبَّقُوا ṭabbaqū
	f		طَبَّقْتِ ṭabbaqti	طَبَّقَتْ ṭabbaqat			طَبَّقَتَا ṭabbaqatā			طَبَّقْتُنَّ ṭabbaqtunna	طَبَّقْنَ ṭabbaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُطَبِّقُ ʔuṭabbiqu	تُطَبِّقُ tuṭabbiqu	يُطَبِّقُ yuṭabbiqu		تُطَبِّقَانِ tuṭabbiqāni	يُطَبِّقَانِ yuṭabbiqāni		نُطَبِّقُ nuṭabbiqu	تُطَبِّقُونَ tuṭabbiqūna	يُطَبِّقُونَ yuṭabbiqūna
	f		تُطَبِّقِينَ tuṭabbiqīna	تُطَبِّقُ tuṭabbiqu			تُطَبِّقَانِ tuṭabbiqāni			تُطَبِّقْنَ tuṭabbiqna	يُطَبِّقْنَ yuṭabbiqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُطَبِّقَ ʔuṭabbiqa	تُطَبِّقَ tuṭabbiqa	يُطَبِّقَ yuṭabbiqa		تُطَبِّقَا tuṭabbiqā	يُطَبِّقَا yuṭabbiqā		نُطَبِّقَ nuṭabbiqa	تُطَبِّقُوا tuṭabbiqū	يُطَبِّقُوا yuṭabbiqū
	f		تُطَبِّقِي tuṭabbiqī	تُطَبِّقَ tuṭabbiqa			تُطَبِّقَا tuṭabbiqā			تُطَبِّقْنَ tuṭabbiqna	يُطَبِّقْنَ yuṭabbiqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُطَبِّقْ ʔuṭabbiq	تُطَبِّقْ tuṭabbiq	يُطَبِّقْ yuṭabbiq		تُطَبِّقَا tuṭabbiqā	يُطَبِّقَا yuṭabbiqā		نُطَبِّقْ nuṭabbiq	تُطَبِّقُوا tuṭabbiqū	يُطَبِّقُوا yuṭabbiqū
	f		تُطَبِّقِي tuṭabbiqī	تُطَبِّقْ tuṭabbiq			تُطَبِّقَا tuṭabbiqā			تُطَبِّقْنَ tuṭabbiqna	يُطَبِّقْنَ yuṭabbiqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		طَبِّقْ ṭabbiq			طَبِّقَا ṭabbiqā				طَبِّقُوا ṭabbiqū
	f		طَبِّقِي ṭabbiqī							طَبِّقْنَ ṭabbiqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	طُبِّقْتُ ṭubbiqtu	طُبِّقْتَ ṭubbiqta	طُبِّقَ ṭubbiqa		طُبِّقْتُمَا ṭubbiqtumā	طُبِّقَا ṭubbiqā		طُبِّقْنَا ṭubbiqnā	طُبِّقْتُمْ ṭubbiqtum	طُبِّقُوا ṭubbiqū
	f		طُبِّقْتِ ṭubbiqti	طُبِّقَتْ ṭubbiqat			طُبِّقَتَا ṭubbiqatā			طُبِّقْتُنَّ ṭubbiqtunna	طُبِّقْنَ ṭubbiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُطَبَّقُ ʔuṭabbaqu	تُطَبَّقُ tuṭabbaqu	يُطَبَّقُ yuṭabbaqu		تُطَبَّقَانِ tuṭabbaqāni	يُطَبَّقَانِ yuṭabbaqāni		نُطَبَّقُ nuṭabbaqu	تُطَبَّقُونَ tuṭabbaqūna	يُطَبَّقُونَ yuṭabbaqūna
	f		تُطَبَّقِينَ tuṭabbaqīna	تُطَبَّقُ tuṭabbaqu			تُطَبَّقَانِ tuṭabbaqāni			تُطَبَّقْنَ tuṭabbaqna	يُطَبَّقْنَ yuṭabbaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُطَبَّقَ ʔuṭabbaqa	تُطَبَّقَ tuṭabbaqa	يُطَبَّقَ yuṭabbaqa		تُطَبَّقَا tuṭabbaqā	يُطَبَّقَا yuṭabbaqā		نُطَبَّقَ nuṭabbaqa	تُطَبَّقُوا tuṭabbaqū	يُطَبَّقُوا yuṭabbaqū
	f		تُطَبَّقِي tuṭabbaqī	تُطَبَّقَ tuṭabbaqa			تُطَبَّقَا tuṭabbaqā			تُطَبَّقْنَ tuṭabbaqna	يُطَبَّقْنَ yuṭabbaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُطَبَّقْ ʔuṭabbaq	تُطَبَّقْ tuṭabbaq	يُطَبَّقْ yuṭabbaq		تُطَبَّقَا tuṭabbaqā	يُطَبَّقَا yuṭabbaqā		نُطَبَّقْ nuṭabbaq	تُطَبَّقُوا tuṭabbaqū	يُطَبَّقُوا yuṭabbaqū
	f		تُطَبَّقِي tuṭabbaqī	تُطَبَّقْ tuṭabbaq			تُطَبَّقَا tuṭabbaqā			تُطَبَّقْنَ tuṭabbaqna	يُطَبَّقْنَ yuṭabbaqna

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤibq/

Noun

طِبْق • (ṭibq) m

1. thing that matches in form, what suits, conforms, corresponds, tallies, what is of the like measure (often in the adverbial accusative)

Declension

Declension of noun طِبْق (ṭibq)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	طِبْق ṭibq	الطِّبْق aṭ-ṭibq	طِبْق ṭibq
nominative	طِبْقٌ ṭibqun	الطِّبْقُ aṭ-ṭibqu	طِبْقُ ṭibqu
accusative	طِبْقًا ṭibqan	الطِّبْقَ aṭ-ṭibqa	طِبْقَ ṭibqa
genitive	طِبْقٍ ṭibqin	الطِّبْقِ aṭ-ṭibqi	طِبْقِ ṭibqi

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: طبقی (ṭıbḳı)

  > Turkish: tıpkı (inherited)

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic طَبَق (ṭabaq).

Noun

طبق • (ṭabaʔ) m (plural أطباق (ʔṭbāʔ), paucal تطباق (tiṭbāʔ))

1. plate (serving dish)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ط ب ق
4 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic طَبَّقَ (ṭabbaqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤab.baɡ/

Verb

طَبَّق • (ṭabbag) II (non-past يِطَبِّق (yiṭabbig))

1. to apply
2. to fold

Conjugation

Conjugation of طبق

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	طبقت (ṭabbagt)	طبقت (ṭabbagt)	طبق (ṭabbag)		طبقنا (ṭabbagna)	طبقتوا (ṭabbagtu)	طبقوا (ṭabbagu)
	f		طبقتي (ṭabbagti)	طبقت (ṭabbagat)
non-past	m	أطبق (ʔaṭabbig)	تطبق (tiṭabbig)	يطبق (yiṭabbig)		نطبق (niṭabbig)	تطبقوا (tiṭabbigu)	يطبقوا (yiṭabbigu)
	f		تطبقي (tiṭabbigi)	تطبق (tiṭabbig)
imperative	m		طبق (ṭabbig)				طبقوا (ṭabbigu)
	f		طبقي (ṭabbigi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic طَبَق (ṭabaq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤa.baɡ/

Noun

طَبَق • (ṭabag) m (plural أطْباق (ʔaṭbāg))

1. dish (food)
2. plate

   Synonym: صَحَن (ṣaḥan)

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic طِبْق (ṭibq).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈtibq/, /ˈtib.qi/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɪbq], [t̪ʰɪ́b.qɪ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɪbq], [t̪ʰɪ́b.qɪ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɪbq], [t̪ʰɪ́bqɪ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰibq], [t̪ʰíbqi]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰebɢ̥], [t̪ʰéb.ɢe]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰibq], [t̪ʰíb.qi]

Readings
Classical reading?	tibq, tíbq-i
Dari reading?	tibq, tibq-i
Iranian reading?	tebġ, tebġ-e
Tajik reading?	tibq, tibq-i

Noun

طِبق • (tebq)

1. conformity, correspondence

Preposition

طِبقِ • (tebq-e)

1. according to, based on

   Synonym: از روی (az rôy-e)

   طبق افسانه ― tebq-e afsâne ― according to legend

   طبق قرآن ― tebq-e qor'ân ― according to the Qur'an

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic طَبَق (ṭabaq), from Middle Persian tʾp̄k' (/⁠tābag⁠/). Doublet of تاوه (tāwa / tâve, “frying pan”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ta.ˈbaq/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.báq]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.báq]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.báq]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.báq]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæ.bǽɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.báq]

Readings
Classical reading?	tabaq
Dari reading?	tabaq
Iranian reading?	tabaġ
Tajik reading?	tabaq

Noun

طَبَق • (tabaq)

1. plate, large dish, tray

   Synonyms: بشقاب (bošqâb), قاب (qâb)

   • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Manūchihr”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎^[1]:

     به دیبای چینی بیاراستند
     طبق‌های زرین بپیراستند
     عقیق و زبرجد برو ریختند
     می و مشک و عنبر برآمیختند

     ba dēbā-yi čīnī biyārāstand
     tabaq-hā-yi zarrīn bipērāstand
     aqīq u zabarjad ba rō rēxtand
     may u mušk u ambar bar-āmēxtand

     They adorned it with Chinese brocade,
     They laid out golden trays;
     They poured carnelian and peridot on it,
     They mixed wine and musk and ambergris.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: tabaq
• → Bashkir: табаҡ (tabaq)
• → Chagatai: طبق (tabaq)
  • Uyghur: تاۋاق (tawaq)
  • Uzbek: tovoq
• → Georgian: ტაბაკი (ṭabaḳi)
• → Kazakh: табақ (tabaq)
• → Kyrgyz: табак (tabak)
• → Ottoman Turkish: طباق (tabak), طاباق (tabak), طبق (tabak)
  • Turkish: tabak
  • → Albanian: tabak
  • → Armenian: թապախ (tʻapax), թապաղ (tʻapaġ)
  • → Macedonian: табак (tabak)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: та̏бак

    Latin script: tȁbak

• → Tatar: табак (tabaq)
• → Turkmen: tabak

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “طبق”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “طبق”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian طَبَق (tabaq), borrowed from Arabic طَبَق (ṭabaq), from طَابَق (ṭābaq).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪ə.bəq/

Noun

طبق • (tabaq) m (Hindi spelling तबक़)

1. dish, tray, plate