आचार्य

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɑː.t͡ʃɑːɾ.jᵊ/, [äː.t͡ʃäːɾ.jᵊ]

Noun

आचार्य • (ācārya) m (Urdu spelling آچاریہ)

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism) teacher, scholar, preceptor

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:शिक्षक

Declension

Declension of आचार्य (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आचार्य ācārya	आचार्य ācārya
oblique	आचार्य ācārya	आचार्यों ācāryõ
vocative	आचार्य ācārya	आचार्यो ācāryo

Related terms

• आचार्या (ācāryā)

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “आचार्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 425
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “आचार्य”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 62
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “आचार्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 81
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “आचार्य”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 36.

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.t͡ɕaɾ.jə/

Noun

आचार्य • (ācārya) ?

1. religious teacher; guru
2. superintendent of a high school

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “आचार्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 8

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আচাৰ্য (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬘᬵᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
• আচার্য (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰓𑰯𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀘𑀸𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• အာစာရျ (Burmese script)
• આચાર્ય (Gujarati script)
• ਆਚਾਰ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌚𑌾𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦕꦴꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂒𑂰𑂩𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಚಾರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• អាចាយ៌ (Khmer script)
• ອາຈາຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• ആചാര്യ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢜᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘓𑘰𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᢋᠠᢗᠷᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑦳𑧑𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐔𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଆଚାର୍ଯ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢗꢵꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆖𑆳𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖓𑖯𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• ආචාර්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩡𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚏𑚭𑚤𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
• ஆசார்ய (Tamil script)
• ఆచార్య (Telugu script)
• อาจารฺย (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་ཙཱ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒔𑒰𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨣𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

आचार (ācāra, “conduct, behavior”) +‎ -य (-ya, “gerundive suffix”), literally “of rules and conduct”.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑː.t͡ɕɑː.ɾí.jɐ/

• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɑː.t͡ɕɑːɾ.jɐ/

Noun

आ॒चा॒र्य॑ • (ācāryà) stem, m

1. ‘knowing or teaching the rules’; a spiritual guide or teacher (especially one who invests the student with the sacrificial thread, and instructs him in the Vedas, in the law of sacrifice and religious mysteries)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आ॒चा॒र्य॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	आ॒चा॒र्यः (ācāryáḥ)	आ॒चा॒र्यौ (ācāryáu) आ॒चा॒र्या¹ (ācāryā́¹)	आ॒चा॒र्याः (ācāryā́ḥ) आ॒चा॒र्यासः॑¹ (ācāryā́saḥ¹)
accusative	आ॒चा॒र्यम् (ācāryám)	आ॒चा॒र्यौ (ācāryáu) आ॒चा॒र्या¹ (ācāryā́¹)	आ॒चा॒र्यान् (ācāryā́n)
instrumental	आ॒चा॒र्येण॑ (ācāryéṇa)	आ॒चा॒र्याभ्या॑म् (ācāryā́bhyām)	आ॒चा॒र्यैः (ācāryáiḥ) आ॒चा॒र्येभिः॑¹ (ācāryébhiḥ¹)
dative	आ॒चा॒र्याय॑ (ācāryā́ya)	आ॒चा॒र्याभ्या॑म् (ācāryā́bhyām)	आ॒चा॒र्येभ्यः॑ (ācāryébhyaḥ)
ablative	आ॒चा॒र्यात् (ācāryā́t)	आ॒चा॒र्याभ्या॑म् (ācāryā́bhyām)	आ॒चा॒र्येभ्यः॑ (ācāryébhyaḥ)
genitive	आ॒चा॒र्यस्य॑ (ācāryásya)	आ॒चा॒र्ययोः॑ (ācāryáyoḥ) आ॒चा॒र्योः¹ (ācāryóḥ¹)	आ॒चा॒र्याणा॑म् (ācāryā́ṇām)
locative	आ॒चा॒र्ये (ācāryé)	आ॒चा॒र्ययोः॑ (ācāryáyoḥ) आ॒चा॒र्योः¹ (ācāryóḥ¹)	आ॒चा॒र्येषु॑ (ācāryéṣu)
vocative	आचा॑र्य (ā́cārya)	आचा॑र्यौ (ā́cāryau) आचा॑र्या¹ (ā́cāryā¹)	आचा॑र्याः (ā́cāryāḥ) आचा॑र्यासः¹ (ā́cāryāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: ācariya
  • → Burmese: အာစရိယ (aca.ri.ya.)
  • → Khmer: អាចរិយ (ʼaacaʼreyaʼ)
• Prakrit: 𑀆𑀬𑀭𑀺𑀬 (āyariya)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: އެދުރު (eduru)
      • Sinhalese: ඇදුරු (æduru)

Borrowed terms

• → Chinese: 阿闍梨 / 阿阇梨 (āshélí) (phono-semantic matching)
• → Bengali: আচার্য (acarjo) (learned)
• → Burmese: ဆရာ (hca.ra)
• → Hindustani: ācārya
  • Hindi: आचार्य
  • Urdu: آچَاریَ (ācārya)
• → Thai: อาจารย์ (aa-jaan)
• → Lao: ອາຈານ (ʼā chān)
• → Malayalam: ആചാര്യ (ācārya)
• → Marathi: आचार्य (ācārya) (learned)
• → Khotanese: āśäria, āśiria
• → Old Javanese: ācārya
• → Old Javanese: ajar
  • > Javanese: ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar) (inherited)
    • → Indonesian: hajar
  • >? Classical Malay: اجر (ajar)
    • > Malay: ajar (inherited)
      • > Ambonese Malay: ajar (inherited)
      • > Indonesian: ajar (inherited)
      • → Iban: ajar
• → Old Khmer: អាចាយ៌្យ (ʼācāryya)
  • Khmer: អាចារ្យ (ʼaacaa)
  • Lao: ອາຈານ (ʼā chān)
  • Thai: อาจารย์ (aa-jaan)
• → Sogdian: 𐼰𐼰𐼿𐼰𐽀𐼷 (ʾʾcʾry)
  • → Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽰𐽽𐽰𐽾𐽶 (ʾʾcʾry)
• → Tamil: ஆசிரியர் (āciriyar)
• → Telugu: ఆచార్యుడు (ācāryuḍu)
• → Tocharian B: aśari

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “आचार्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 131, column 3.