भूत
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit भूत (bhūta, “become, been, past; any being, spirit, demon”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]भूत • (bhūt) m (Urdu spelling بھوت)
- ghost, spirit
- (figurative) an ugly man
Declension
[edit]Declension of भूत (masc cons-stem)
Synonyms
[edit]- (ghost): प्रेत (pret)
- पिशाच (piśāc, “flesh eating demons”)
- वेताल (vetāl, “spirits inhabiting corpses and charnel ground”)
References
[edit]- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bhūtá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Konkani
[edit]Noun
[edit]भूत • (bhūt) m (Latin script ?, Kannada script ?)
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit भूत (bhūta, “become, been, past; any being, spirit, demon”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]भूत • (bhūt) n
Declension
[edit]Declension of भूत (neut cons-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
भूत bhūt | ||
direct plural |
भूते, भूतं bhūte, bhūta | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
भूत bhūt |
भूते, भूतं bhūte, bhūta | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
भूता bhūtā |
भूतां- bhūtān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
भूताला bhūtālā |
भूतांना bhūtānnā | |
ergative | भूताने, भूतानं bhūtāne, bhūtāna |
भूतांनी bhūtānnī | |
instrumental | भूताशी bhūtāśī |
भूतांशी bhūtānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
भूतात bhūtāt |
भूतांत bhūtāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
भूता bhūtā |
भूतांनो bhūtānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of भूत (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
भूताचा bhūtāċā |
भूताचे bhūtāċe |
भूताची bhūtācī |
भूताच्या bhūtācā |
भूताचे, भूताचं bhūtāċe, bhūtāċa |
भूताची bhūtācī |
भूताच्या bhūtācā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
भूतांचा bhūtānċā |
भूतांचे bhūtānċe |
भूतांची bhūtāñcī |
भूतांच्या bhūtāncā |
भूतांचे, भूतांचं bhūtānċe, bhūtānċa |
भूतांची bhūtāñcī |
भूतांच्या bhūtāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine, “भूत”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Adjective
[edit]भूत
- Devanagari script form of bhūta (“genuine”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भूत" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूतो (bhūto) | भूता (bhūtā) |
Accusative (second) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूते (bhūte) |
Instrumental (third) | भूतेन (bhūtena) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) or भूताय (bhūtāya) or भूतत्थं (bhūtatthaṃ) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूतस्मा (bhūtasmā) or भूतम्हा (bhūtamhā) or भूता (bhūtā) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूतस्मिं (bhūtasmiṃ) or भूतम्हि (bhūtamhi) or भूते (bhūte) | भूतेसु (bhūtesu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूत (bhūta) | भूता (bhūtā) |
Declension table of "भूता" (feminine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूता (bhūtā) | भूतायो (bhūtāyo) or भूता (bhūtā) |
Accusative (second) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूतायो (bhūtāyo) or भूता (bhūtā) |
Instrumental (third) | भूताय (bhūtāya) | भूताहि (bhūtāhi) or भूताभि (bhūtābhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूताय (bhūtāya) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूताय (bhūtāya) | भूताहि (bhūtāhi) or भूताभि (bhūtābhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूताय (bhūtāya) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूताय (bhūtāya) or भूतायं (bhūtāyaṃ) | भूतासु (bhūtāsu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूते (bhūte) | भूतायो (bhūtāyo) or भूता (bhūtā) |
Declension table of "भूत" (neuter)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Accusative (second) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Instrumental (third) | भूतेन (bhūtena) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) or भूताय (bhūtāya) or भूतत्थं (bhūtatthaṃ) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूतस्मा (bhūtasmā) or भूतम्हा (bhūtamhā) or भूता (bhūtā) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूतस्मिं (bhūtasmiṃ) or भूतम्हि (bhūtamhi) or भूते (bhūte) | भूतेसु (bhūtesu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूत (bhūta) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Noun
[edit]भूत m
- Devanagari script form of bhūta (“beings”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भूत" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Plural |
---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूता (bhūtā) |
Accusative (second) | भूते (bhūte) |
Instrumental (third) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूतेसु (bhūtesu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूता (bhūtā) |
Noun
[edit]भूत n
- Devanagari script form of bhūta (“nature”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भूत" (neuter)
Case \ Number | Plural |
---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Accusative (second) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Instrumental (third) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूतेसु (bhūtesu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Noun
[edit]भूत m
- Devanagari script form of bhūta (“supernatural being”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भूत" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूतो (bhūto) | भूता (bhūtā) |
Accusative (second) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूते (bhūte) |
Instrumental (third) | भूतेन (bhūtena) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) or भूताय (bhūtāya) or भूतत्थं (bhūtatthaṃ) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूतस्मा (bhūtasmā) or भूतम्हा (bhūtamhā) or भूता (bhūtā) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूतस्मिं (bhūtasmiṃ) or भूतम्हि (bhūtamhi) or भूते (bhūte) | भूतेसु (bhūtesu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूत (bhūta) | भूता (bhūtā) |
Noun
[edit]भूत n
- Devanagari script form of bhūta (“truth”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "भूत" (neuter)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Accusative (second) | भूतं (bhūtaṃ) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Instrumental (third) | भूतेन (bhūtena) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) or भूताय (bhūtāya) or भूतत्थं (bhūtatthaṃ) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | भूतस्मा (bhūtasmā) or भूतम्हा (bhūtamhā) or भूता (bhūtā) | भूतेहि (bhūtehi) or भूतेभि (bhūtebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | भूतस्स (bhūtassa) | भूतानं (bhūtānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | भूतस्मिं (bhūtasmiṃ) or भूतम्हि (bhūtamhi) or भूते (bhūte) | भूतेसु (bhūtesu) |
Vocative (calling) | भूत (bhūta) | भूतानि (bhūtāni) |
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ভূত (Assamese script)
- ᬪᬹᬢ (Balinese script)
- ভূত (Bengali script)
- 𑰥𑰳𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀪𑀽𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- ဘူတ (Burmese script)
- ભૂત (Gujarati script)
- ਭੂਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌭𑍂𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦨꦹꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂦𑂴𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ಭೂತ (Kannada script)
- ភូត (Khmer script)
- ຠູຕ (Lao script)
- ഭൂത (Malayalam script)
- ᢨᡠᡠᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘥𑘴𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠾᠤᠤᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧅𑧕𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐨𑐹𑐟 (Newa script)
- ଭୂତ (Odia script)
- ꢩꢹꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆨𑆷𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖥𑖳𑖝 (Siddham script)
- භූත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩳𑩒𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚡𑚱𑚙 (Takri script)
- பூ⁴த (Tamil script)
- భూత (Telugu script)
- ภูต (Thai script)
- བྷཱུ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒦𑒴𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨡𑨃𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰuHtás (“become, been”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-tó-s, past participle of *bʰuH- (“to be”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬏𐬙𐬀 (būta, “become, been”), Old Irish both (“been”), Ancient Greek φῠτός (phutós), Lithuanian būtas. The Sanskrit root is भू (bhū).
Pronunciation
[edit]Participle
[edit]भूत • (bhūtá)
- past participle of भू (bhū); been
Adjective
[edit]भूत • (bhūtá) stem
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of भूत (bhūtá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | भूतः bhūtáḥ |
भूतौ / भूता¹ bhūtaú / bhūtā́¹ |
भूताः / भूतासः¹ bhūtā́ḥ / bhūtā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | भूत bhū́ta |
भूतौ / भूता¹ bhū́tau / bhū́tā¹ |
भूताः / भूतासः¹ bhū́tāḥ / bhū́tāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | भूतम् bhūtám |
भूतौ / भूता¹ bhūtaú / bhūtā́¹ |
भूतान् bhūtā́n |
Instrumental | भूतेन bhūténa |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूतैः / भूतेभिः¹ bhūtaíḥ / bhūtébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | भूताय bhūtā́ya |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूतेभ्यः bhūtébhyaḥ |
Ablative | भूतात् bhūtā́t |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूतेभ्यः bhūtébhyaḥ |
Genitive | भूतस्य bhūtásya |
भूतयोः bhūtáyoḥ |
भूतानाम् bhūtā́nām |
Locative | भूते bhūté |
भूतयोः bhūtáyoḥ |
भूतेषु bhūtéṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of भूता (bhūtā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | भूता bhūtā́ |
भूते bhūté |
भूताः bhūtā́ḥ |
Vocative | भूते bhū́te |
भूते bhū́te |
भूताः bhū́tāḥ |
Accusative | भूताम् bhūtā́m |
भूते bhūté |
भूताः bhūtā́ḥ |
Instrumental | भूतया / भूता¹ bhūtáyā / bhūtā́¹ |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूताभिः bhūtā́bhiḥ |
Dative | भूतायै bhūtā́yai |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूताभ्यः bhūtā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | भूतायाः / भूतायै² bhūtā́yāḥ / bhūtā́yai² |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूताभ्यः bhūtā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | भूतायाः / भूतायै² bhūtā́yāḥ / bhūtā́yai² |
भूतयोः bhūtáyoḥ |
भूतानाम् bhūtā́nām |
Locative | भूतायाम् bhūtā́yām |
भूतयोः bhūtáyoḥ |
भूतासु bhūtā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of भूत (bhūtá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | भूतम् bhūtám |
भूते bhūté |
भूतानि / भूता¹ bhūtā́ni / bhūtā́¹ |
Vocative | भूत bhū́ta |
भूते bhū́te |
भूतानि / भूता¹ bhū́tāni / bhū́tā¹ |
Accusative | भूतम् bhūtám |
भूते bhūté |
भूतानि / भूता¹ bhūtā́ni / bhūtā́¹ |
Instrumental | भूतेन bhūténa |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूतैः / भूतेभिः¹ bhūtaíḥ / bhūtébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | भूताय bhūtā́ya |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूतेभ्यः bhūtébhyaḥ |
Ablative | भूतात् bhūtā́t |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtā́bhyām |
भूतेभ्यः bhūtébhyaḥ |
Genitive | भूतस्य bhūtásya |
भूतयोः bhūtáyoḥ |
भूतानाम् bhūtā́nām |
Locative | भूते bhūté |
भूतयोः bhūtáyoḥ |
भूतेषु bhūtéṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- भूतकाल (bhūtakāla)
Descendants
[edit]- Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀪𑀼𑀢 (*bhuta /bhūta/), *𑀳𑀼𑀢 (*huta /hūta/) (attested in compounds)
- Gandhari: 𐨧𐨂𐨡 (bhuda)
- Pali: bhūta
Noun
[edit]भूत • (bhūtá) stem, n
- living being, anything that is or exists
- the world
- "that which has been (in the past)"; a ghost of a dead person, a spirit
- demon, imp, goblin
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of भूत (bhūta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | भूतम् bhūtam |
भूते bhūte |
भूतानि / भूता¹ bhūtāni / bhūtā¹ |
Vocative | भूत bhūta |
भूते bhūte |
भूतानि / भूता¹ bhūtāni / bhūtā¹ |
Accusative | भूतम् bhūtam |
भूते bhūte |
भूतानि / भूता¹ bhūtāni / bhūtā¹ |
Instrumental | भूतेन bhūtena |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtābhyām |
भूतैः / भूतेभिः¹ bhūtaiḥ / bhūtebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | भूताय bhūtāya |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtābhyām |
भूतेभ्यः bhūtebhyaḥ |
Ablative | भूतात् bhūtāt |
भूताभ्याम् bhūtābhyām |
भूतेभ्यः bhūtebhyaḥ |
Genitive | भूतस्य bhūtasya |
भूतयोः bhūtayoḥ |
भूतानाम् bhūtānām |
Locative | भूते bhūte |
भूतयोः bhūtayoḥ |
भूतेषु bhūteṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Pali: bhūta
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑀽𑀅 (bhūa)
- Bengali: ভুয়া (bhuẏa)
- → Assamese: ভূত (bhut)
- → Bengali: ভূত (bhut)
- → Gujarati: ભૂત (bhūt)
- → Hindi: भूत (bhūt)
- → Kannada: ಭೂತ (bhūta)
- → Konkani: भूत (bhūt)
- → Malay: bota
- > Indonesian: bota (inherited)
- → Marathi: भूत (bhūt)
- → Odia: ଭୂତ (bhuta)
- → Old Javanese: bhūta
- → Santali: ᱵᱷᱩᱛ (bhut)
- → Tamil: பூதம் (pūtam)
- → Telugu: భూతం (bhūtaṁ)
- → Thai: ภูต (pûut)
- → Urdu: بھوت (bhūt)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “भूत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 761/3.
Categories:
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