शाम
See also: शमा
Hindi
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ʃɑːm/, [ʃä̃ːm]
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām), from Proto-Iranian *xšáfnyah. Cognate with Sanskrit क्षप् (kṣap, “night”); despite phonetic and semantic similarity, not related to Sanskrit श्यामा (śyāmā, “night, shadow”), which derives from a different root.
Noun
[edit]शाम • (śām) f (Urdu spelling شام)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | शाम śām |
शामें śāmẽ |
| oblique | शाम śām |
शामों śāmõ |
| vocative | शाम śām |
शामो śāmo |
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām), from Arabic شَام (šām), originally meaning 'left-hand side', i.e. 'north' (when looking towards sunrise). Compare Gujarati શામ (śām).
Proper noun
[edit]
शाम • (śām) f (Urdu spelling شام)
- Syria (a country in West Asia in the Middle East)
Etymology 3
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]शाम • (śām) m (Urdu spelling شام)
- an epithet of Krishna
- a male given name, Sham, from Sanskrit
Etymology 4
[edit]Inherited from Sanskrit शम्बा (śambā).
Noun
[edit]शाम • (śām) m (Urdu spelling شام)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | शाम śām |
शाम śām |
| oblique | शाम śām |
शामों śāmõ |
| vocative | शाम śām |
शामो śāmo |
References
[edit]- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “शाम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884), “शाम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- শাম (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬵᬫ (Balinese script)
- শাম (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰯𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀸𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- ၐာမ (Burmese script)
- શામ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਾਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌾𑌮 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂰𑂧 (Kaithi script)
- ಶಾಮ (Kannada script)
- ឝាម (Khmer script)
- ຨາມ (Lao script)
- ശാമ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠ᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘰𑘦 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧑𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐵𑐩 (Newa script)
- ଶାମ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢵꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆳𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖯𑖦 (Siddham script)
- ශාම (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩛𑩴 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚭𑚢 (Takri script)
- ஶாம (Tamil script)
- శామ (Telugu script)
- ศาม (Thai script)
- ཤཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒰𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨊𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Vṛddhi derivative the root शम् (śam).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]शा॒म • (śāmá) stem
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शा॒मः (śāmáḥ) | शा॒मौ (śāmáu) शा॒मा¹ (śāmā́¹) |
शा॒माः (śāmā́ḥ) शा॒मासः॑¹ (śāmā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | शा॒मम् (śāmám) | शा॒मौ (śāmáu) शा॒मा¹ (śāmā́¹) |
शा॒मान् (śāmā́n) |
| instrumental | शा॒मेन॑ (śāména) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒मैः (śāmáiḥ) शा॒मेभिः॑¹ (śāmébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शा॒माय॑ (śāmā́ya) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒मेभ्यः॑ (śāmébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शा॒मात् (śāmā́t) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒मेभ्यः॑ (śāmébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शा॒मस्य॑ (śāmásya) | शा॒मयोः॑ (śāmáyoḥ) | शा॒माना॑म् (śāmā́nām) |
| locative | शा॒मे (śāmé) | शा॒मयोः॑ (śāmáyoḥ) | शा॒मेषु॑ (śāméṣu) |
| vocative | शाम॑ (śā́ma) | शामौ॑ (śā́mau) शामा॑¹ (śā́mā¹) |
शामाः॑ (śā́māḥ) शामा॑सः¹ (śā́māsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शा॒मा (śāmā́) | शा॒मे (śāmé) | शा॒माः (śāmā́ḥ) |
| accusative | शा॒माम् (śāmā́m) | शा॒मे (śāmé) | शा॒माः (śāmā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | शा॒मया॑ (śāmáyā) शा॒मा¹ (śāmā́¹) |
शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒माभिः॑ (śāmā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | शा॒मायै॑ (śāmā́yai) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒माभ्यः॑ (śāmā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शा॒मायाः॑ (śāmā́yāḥ) शा॒मायै॑² (śāmā́yai²) |
शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒माभ्यः॑ (śāmā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शा॒मायाः॑ (śāmā́yāḥ) शा॒मायै॑² (śāmā́yai²) |
शा॒मयोः॑ (śāmáyoḥ) | शा॒माना॑म् (śāmā́nām) |
| locative | शा॒माया॑म् (śāmā́yām) | शा॒मयोः॑ (śāmáyoḥ) | शा॒मासु॑ (śāmā́su) |
| vocative | शामे॑ (śā́me) | शामे॑ (śā́me) | शामाः॑ (śā́māḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शा॒मम् (śāmám) | शा॒मे (śāmé) | शा॒मानि॑ (śāmā́ni) शा॒मा¹ (śāmā́¹) |
| accusative | शा॒मम् (śāmám) | शा॒मे (śāmé) | शा॒मानि॑ (śāmā́ni) शा॒मा¹ (śāmā́¹) |
| instrumental | शा॒मेन॑ (śāména) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒मैः (śāmáiḥ) शा॒मेभिः॑¹ (śāmébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | शा॒माय॑ (śāmā́ya) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒मेभ्यः॑ (śāmébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शा॒मात् (śāmā́t) | शा॒माभ्या॑म् (śāmā́bhyām) | शा॒मेभ्यः॑ (śāmébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शा॒मस्य॑ (śāmásya) | शा॒मयोः॑ (śāmáyoḥ) | शा॒माना॑म् (śāmā́nām) |
| locative | शा॒मे (śāmé) | शा॒मयोः॑ (śāmáyoḥ) | शा॒मेषु॑ (śāméṣu) |
| vocative | शाम॑ (śā́ma) | शामे॑ (śā́me) | शामा॑नि (śā́māni) शामा॑¹ (śā́mā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “शाम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1065.
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