ḥn

See also: hn, HN, hN, h*n, .hn, Hn., ḫn, and ẖn

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: hen

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to bring (a temple, the land, etc.) into order
2. (transitive) to equip, to supply (buildings or people) (+ m: with)
3. (transitive) to protect, to guard (something holy: a temple, tomb, or god) (+ r: against)
4. (transitive) to order, to command (something to be done)
5. (intransitive) to order, to command (+ n: someone; + r and infinitive: to do (something))
6. (transitive) to say forcefully, to impress (+ n: to, upon (someone))
7. (transitive) to engage (people) to do something, to set to some task
8. (transitive) to entrust or charge (+ n: someone) to do (something)
9. (transitive) to commend, to entrust (someone) (+ n: to (someone else))

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥn (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ḥn, geminated stem: ḥnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥn	ḥnw, ḥn	ḥnt	ḥn, j.ḥn	ḥn, j.ḥn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥn	ḥr ḥn	m ḥn	r ḥn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥn.n	ḥnw, ḥn	consecutive	ḥn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḥnt
perfective3	ḥn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḥn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḥn, j.ḥn1	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḥn	ḥnn	potentialis1	ḥn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḥn, j.ḥn1	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḥn	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḥn	ḥnn, ḥnnj6, ḥn2, ḥnw2 5, ḥny2 5
imperfective	j.ḥn1, ḥn, ḥny, ḥnw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	j.ḥn1, j.ḥnw1 5, ḥn, ḥnj6, ḥny6	ḥn, ḥnw5
prospective	ḥn, ḥntj7	—	ḥntj4, ḥnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥn  

ḥn

[Old Kingdom]

Descendants

• Coptic: ϩⲱⲛ (hōn)

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (intransitive) to go with speed and purpose, to hurry, to advance speedily (+ r and infinitive or + following clause: to go do (something); + r: to (a place); + n: to (a person); + m: from (a place); + ḥnꜥ or jrm: with (someone))
2. (intransitive) to attack, to move against an enemy

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥn (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ḥn, geminated stem: ḥnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥn	ḥnw, ḥn	ḥnt	ḥn, j.ḥn	ḥn, j.ḥn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥn	ḥr ḥn	m ḥn	r ḥn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḥn.n	consecutive	ḥn.jn
terminative	ḥnt
perfective3	ḥn	obligative1	ḥn.ḫr
imperfective	ḥn, j.ḥn1
prospective3	ḥn	potentialis1	ḥn.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḥn, j.ḥn1

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḥn.n	—	—
perfective	ḥn	ḥn	ḥnn, ḥnnj6, ḥn2, ḥnw2 5, ḥny2 5
imperfective	j.ḥn1, ḥn, ḥny, ḥnw5	j.ḥn1, j.ḥnw1 5, ḥn, ḥnj6, ḥny6	ḥn, ḥnw5
prospective	ḥn, ḥntj7	ḥntj4, ḥnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

References

• “ḥn (lemma ID 105900)”, “ḥn (lemma ID 105920)”, and “ḥn (lemma ID 105930)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 101.1–101.20, 102–103.22
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 171
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 83, 465.