保障

Chinese

		to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard	to block; to hinder; to obstruct
trad. (保障)		保	障
simp. #(保障)		保	障

Etymology

Attestable in ancient Chinese texts. In the legal sense, wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 保障(ほしょう) (hoshō).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎozhàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄓㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² zoeng³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pó-chông
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pó-chiòng / pó-chiong / pó-chiàng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎozhàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄓㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎojhàng
    • Wade–Giles: pao³-chang⁴
    • Yale: bǎu-jàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baojanq
    • Palladius: баочжан (baočžan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bou² zoeng³
    • Yale: bóu jeung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou² dzoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou² zêng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ t͡sœːŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-chông
    • Hakka Romanization System: bo` zong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ zong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /po³¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiòng
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tsiòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poycioxng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poyciofng
    • IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiàng
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tsiàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poyciaxng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siaŋ²¹/

Verb

保障

1. to assure; to provide guarantee
2. to defend; to protect

Synonyms

• (to assure):

(deprecated template usage)

• 保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
• 保準／保准 (bǎozhǔn) (colloquial)
• 保穩／保稳 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 保證／保证 (bǎozhèng)
• 保險／保险 (bǎoxiǎn)
• 保領／保领 (Hokkien)
• 包
• 包保 (bāobǎo)
• 包管 (bāoguǎn) (colloquial)
• 包領／包领 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 擔保／担保 (dānbǎo)
• 確保／确保 (quèbǎo)
• 管 (guǎn)
• 管保 (guǎnbǎo) (colloquial)
• 管教 (guǎnjiào)

 

• (to protect):

(deprecated template usage)

• 保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
• 保庇 (Hokkien)
• 保護／保护 (bǎohù)
• 堅持／坚持 (jiānchí)
• 掩護／掩护 (yǎnhù)
• 維持／维持 (wéichí)
• 維護／维护 (wéihù)
• 蔽護／蔽护 (bìhù) (literary)
• 護／护 (hù) (literary, or in compounds)

 

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 保障

1. guarantee; assurance

   安全保障  ―  ānquán bǎozhàng  ―  security assurance

2. protection; defense

Derived terms

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
保	障
ほ Grade: 5	しょう Grade: 6
on'yomi

Noun

保(ほ)障(しょう) • (hoshō) 

1. guarantee
2. warranty

Verb

保(ほ)障(しょう)する • (hoshō suru) suru (stem 保(ほ)障(しょう)し (hoshō shi), past 保(ほ)障(しょう)した (hoshō shita))

1. guarantee, endorse, assure

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保障する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	保障し	ほしょうし	hoshō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	保障し	ほしょうし	hoshō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	保障する	ほしょうする	hoshō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	保障する	ほしょうする	hoshō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	保障すれ	ほしょうすれ	hoshō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	保障せよ¹ 保障しろ²	ほしょうせよ¹ ほしょうしろ²	hoshō seyo¹ hoshō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	保障される	ほしょうされる	hoshō sareru
Causative	保障させる 保障さす	ほしょうさせる ほしょうさす	hoshō saseru hoshō sasu
Potential	保障できる	ほしょうできる	hoshō dekiru
Volitional	保障しよう	ほしょうしよう	hoshō shiyō
Negative	保障しない	ほしょうしない	hoshō shinai
Negative continuative	保障せず	ほしょうせず	hoshō sezu
Formal	保障します	ほしょうします	hoshō shimasu
Perfective	保障した	ほしょうした	hoshō shita
Conjunctive	保障して	ほしょうして	hoshō shite
Hypothetical conditional	保障すれば	ほしょうすれば	hoshō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative