先行

Chinese

		early; prior; former early; prior; former; in advance; first	to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional
simp. and trad. (先行)		先	行

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiānxíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin¹ haang⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siên-hàng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sian-hêng / suiⁿ-kiâⁿ / seng-kiâⁿ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiānxíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siansíng
    • Wade–Giles: hsien¹-hsing²
    • Yale: syān-syíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianshyng
    • Palladius: сяньсин (sjanʹsin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin¹ haang⁴
    • Yale: sīn hàahng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin¹ haang⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin¹ hang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn⁵⁵ haːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siên-hàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: xien´ hangˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xian¹ hang²
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯en²⁴ haŋ¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sian-hêng
    • Tâi-lô: sian-hîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sienheeng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn³³ hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: suiⁿ-kiâⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: suinn-kiânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svui'kviaa
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suĩ³³ kiã²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-kiâⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: sing-kiânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sengkviaa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã²⁴/

Note:

• sian-hêng - literary;
• suiⁿ-kiâⁿ/seng-kiâⁿ - vernacular (to go ahead).

Verb

先行

1. to advance; to move forward
2. to go ahead of the rest; to start off before the others

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) 先行

1. advance; ahead of the rest

Adverb

(deprecated template usage) 先行

1. (literary) before; previously
2. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) in advance; beforehand

Synonyms

• (before):

(deprecated template usage)

• 上早 (Hakka)
• 以前 (yǐqián)
• 先前 (xiānqián)
• 其先 (qíxiān) (literary)
• 前往 (qiánwǎng) (literary)
• 原在 (Hakka)
• 古者 (gǔzhě) (archaic)
• 向來／向来 (xiànglái) (archaic)
• 嘗／尝 (cháng) (literary, or used in compounds)
• 在前 (zàiqián)
• 家先 (Hakka)
• 往擺／往摆 (Hakka, Hokkien)
• 往擺仔／往摆仔 (Hokkien)
• 往者 (wǎngzhě) (literary)
• 往過／往过 (Hokkien)
• 往過仔／往过仔 (Hokkien)
• 從前／从前 (cóngqián)
• 早先 (zǎoxiān)
• 早年所 (Hokkien)
• 早時／早时 (Hokkien)
• 昔日 (xīrì) (literary)
• 昔時／昔时 (xīshí) (literary)
• 曾
• 曾經／曾经 (céngjīng)
• 當初／当初 (dāngchū)
• 舊擺／旧摆 (Singapore Hokkien)
• 舊早／旧早 (Singapore Hokkien)
• 過前／过前 (Hainanese)

 

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 先行

1. Short for 先行官 (xiānxíngguān, “commander of an advance unit”).

Derived terms

(deprecated template usage)

---

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
先	行
さき Grade: 1	ゆき Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Native Japanese readings.

Alternative forms

• 先行き

Noun

先(さき)行(ゆき) • (sakiyuki) 

1. future, prospects
2. movement in the future of an exchange

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
先	行
せん Grade: 1	こう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Sino-Japanese readings.

Noun

先(せん)行(こう) • (senkō) 

1. preceding
2. taking priority

Derived terms

• 先行権
• 先行詞

Verb

先(せん)行(こう)する • (senkō suru) suru (stem 先(せん)行(こう)し (senkō shi), past 先(せん)行(こう)した (senkō shita))

1. go ahead of, go in front of
2. precede
3. be earlier

Conjugation

Conjugation of "先行する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	先行し	せんこうし	senkō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	先行し	せんこうし	senkō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	先行する	せんこうする	senkō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	先行する	せんこうする	senkō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	先行すれ	せんこうすれ	senkō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	先行せよ¹ 先行しろ²	せんこうせよ¹ せんこうしろ²	senkō seyo¹ senkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	先行される	せんこうされる	senkō sareru
Causative	先行させる 先行さす	せんこうさせる せんこうさす	senkō saseru senkō sasu
Potential	先行できる	せんこうできる	senkō dekiru
Volitional	先行しよう	せんこうしよう	senkō shiyō
Negative	先行しない	せんこうしない	senkō shinai
Negative continuative	先行せず	せんこうせず	senkō sezu
Formal	先行します	せんこうします	senkō shimasu
Perfective	先行した	せんこうした	senkō shita
Conjunctive	先行して	せんこうして	senkō shite
Hypothetical conditional	先行すれば	せんこうすれば	senkō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.