制服

Chinese

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhìfú

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄈㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zai³ fuk⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ-fu̍k
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chè-ho̍k / chì-ho̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhìfú
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄈㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhfú
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴-fu²
    • Yale: jr̀-fú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhfwu
    • Palladius: чжифу (čžifu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fu³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 制服 至福

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zai³ fuk⁶
    • Yale: jai fuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzai³ fuk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zei³ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³³ fʊk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ-fu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii fug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi⁴ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵⁵ fuk̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsè-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zea'hok
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsì-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cie'hok
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚¹²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyejH bjuwk

Rime
Character	制	服
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	征例切	房六切
Baxter	tsyejH	bjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇiH/	/bɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛiH/	/biuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjæiH/	/biuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciajH/	/buwk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛiH/	/biuk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛiH/	/bĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛiH/	/bʱi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì	fú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zai3	fuk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tet-s  [b]ək|[b]əʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kjeds  bɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	制	服	服	服	服
Reading #	1/1	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì	fú	fú	fú	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyejH ›	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ bjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*tet-s/	/*[b]ək/	/*[b]ək/	/*[b]ək/	/*[b]əʔ/
English	cut out, prepare	quiver (n.)	garment; wear (v.)	subdue, submit	box of a carriage
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	制	服
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17377	3366
Phonetic component	制	服
Rime group	祭	職
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	制	伏
Old Chinese	/*kjeds/	/*bɯɡ/

Etymology 1

		to control	to serve; to obey
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服
alternative forms		制伏

Verb

制服

1. to subdue; to overpower

Synonyms

• 收服 (shōufú)
• 制服 (zhìfú)

Etymology 2

		system	clothing
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 制服

1. (clothing) uniform

Antonyms

• 便衣 (biànyī)

See also

• 軍服／军服 (jūnfú)
• 軍裝／军装 (jūnzhuāng)
• 校服 (xiàofú)

Etymology 3

		to regulate	clothing
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服

Verb

制服

1. (literary) to regulate what one is allowed to wear (depending on social status)

Etymology 4

		mourning rite on behalf of parents' deaths in ancient China	clothing
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 制服

1. (literary) mourning garment

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
制	服
せい Grade: 5	ふく Grade: 3
on'yomi

Noun

制(せい)服(ふく) • (seifuku) 

1. (clothing) uniform

Synonyms

• ユニフォーム (yunifōmu)