愚

Translingual

Han character

愚 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田月心 (WBP), four-corner 6033₂, composition ⿱禺心)

Derived characters

• 𠏋, 㦙, 𦔧, 𡪾, 𦽳

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 395, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10946
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2321, character 7
• Unihan data for U+611A

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Chinese

trad.		愚
simp. #		愚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (禺) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
齵	*ŋoː, *ŋo
偶	*ŋoːʔ, *ŋoːs
耦	*ŋoːʔ
藕	*ŋoːʔ
髃	*ŋoːʔ, *ŋo
蕅	*ŋoːʔ
愚	*ŋo
隅	*ŋo
禺	*ŋo, *ŋos
湡	*ŋo
堣	*ŋo
嵎	*ŋo
鰅	*ŋo, *ŋoŋ
鍝	*ŋo
遇	*ŋos
寓	*ŋos
庽	*ŋos
媀	*ŋos
喁	*ŋoŋ
顒	*ŋoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋo) : phonetic 禺 (OC *ŋo, *ŋos) + semantic 心 (“heart”) – stupid.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yú (yu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngì
• Northern Min (KCR): ngṳ̄
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngṳ̀ / kṳ̀
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): gû / gî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngo⁵ / ngu⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶gniu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yú
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yú
    • Wade–Giles: yü²
    • Yale: yú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴
    • Yale: yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngiˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngi²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋy⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̀ / kṳ̀
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋy⁵³/, /kʰy⁵³/

Note:

• ngṳ̀ - literary;
• kṳ̀ - vernacular.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû
    • Tâi-lô: gû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: guu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî
    • Tâi-lô: gî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngo⁵ / ngu⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngô / ngû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo⁵⁵/, /ŋu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶gniu
    • MiniDict: nyu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyy
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲy²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 愚
Mandarin	Beijing	/y³⁵/
	Harbin	/y⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/y⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/y²¹³/
	Qingdao	/y²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/y⁴²/
	Xi'an	/y²⁴/
	Xining	/y²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/y⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/y¹³/
	Ürümqi	/y²¹³/
	Wuhan	/y²¹³/
	Chengdu	/y³¹/
	Guiyang	/i²¹/
	Kunming	/i³¹/
	Nanjing	/y²⁴/
	Hefei	/zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/y¹¹/
	Pingyao	/y¹³/
	Hohhot	/y³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵy²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵy¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦz̩ʷ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵy³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ny⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/y⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/y¹³/
	Xiangtan	/y¹²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋi¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/ŋi²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jy²¹/
	Nanning	/y²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jy²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/gu³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ŋy⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ŋy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ŋõ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/zi³¹/ /ŋai³¹/ 訓獃

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• Middle Chinese: ngju

Rime
Character	愚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	虞俱切
Baxter	ngju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋio/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuə̆/
Li Rong	/ŋio/
Wang Li	/ŋĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋo/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愚
Reading #	1/1
No.	15919
Phonetic component	禺
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ŋo/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 愚

1. foolish; stupid
2. to fool; to dupe
3. (humble) I

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Japanese

Kanji

愚

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. foolish
2. folly
3. absurdity
4. stupid

Readings

• Go-on: ぐ (gu, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ぐ (gu, Jōyō)
• Kun: おろか (oroka, 愚か, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 愚(おろ)か (oroka)
• 愚(おろ)かしい (orokashii)
• 愚挙(ぐきょ) (gukyo)
• 愚行(ぐこう) (gukō)
• 愚(ぐ)妻(さい) (gusai)
• 愚人(ぐじん) (gujin)
• 愚図(ぐず)る (guzuru)

• 愚生(ぐせい) (gusei)
• 愚痴(ぐち) (guchi)
• 愚(ぐ)直(ちょく) (guchoku)
• 愚鈍(ぐどん) (gudon)
• 愚(ぐ)昧(まい) (gumai)
• 愚民(ぐみん) (gumin)
• 愚問(ぐもん) (gumon)

• 愚(ぐ)劣(れつ) (guretsu)
• 愚(ぐ)連隊(れんたい) (gurentai)
• 愚弄(ぐろう) (gurō)
• 闇愚(あんぐ) (angu)
• 凡愚(ぼんぐ) (bongu)
• 万愚(ばんぐ)節(せつ) (bangusetsu)
• 庸愚(ようぐ) (yōgu)

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Korean

Hanja

愚 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Adjective

愚 • (ngu)

1. stupid; doltish; foolish