慖

慖 U+6156, 慖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6156 ← 慕 [U+6155] CJK Unified Ideographs 慗 → [U+6157]

Translingual

Han character

慖 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, Cangjie input 心田戈一 (PWIM), four-corner 9600₀, composition ⿰忄國)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 398, character 35
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11090
• Dae Jaweon: page 737, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2346, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6156

Chinese

trad.		慖
simp.		𮲇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (或) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
幗	*kʷɯːɡs, *kʷrɯːɡ
慖	*kʷɯːɡs, *kʷrɯːɡ
簂	*kʷɯːɡs
蔮	*kʷɯːɡs
國	*kʷɯːɡ
或	*ɡʷɯːɡ
惑	*ɡʷɯːɡ
蜮	*ɡʷɯːɡ, *ɢʷrɯɡ
閾	*qʰʷrɯɡ
緎	*qʰʷrɯɡ, *ɡʷrɯɡ
淢	*qʰʷrɯɡ, *ɡʷrɯɡ
域	*ɢʷrɯɡ
罭	*ɢʷrɯɡ
棫	*ɡʷrɯɡ
琙	*ɡʷrɯɡ
魊	*ɡʷrɯɡ
馘	*kʷrɯːɡ
聝	*kʷrɯːɡ
膕	*kʷrɯːɡ
摑	*kʷrɯːɡ
漍	*kʷrɯːɡ
嘓	*kʷrɯːɡ
蟈	*kʷrɯːɡ
掝	*qʰʷrɯːɡ
彧	*qʷrɯɡ
稶	*qʷɯɡ

Etymology

This word escaped from regular sound changes during its evolution to the modern pronunciation gwok3. The expected reading is gwak1, with labialization. However, that phoneme does not exist in Cantonese. Words in Cantonese with the expected reading of gwak1 instead usually surface as gwok3 or gwik1, with gwok3 usually reserved for characters containing the component 國 and gwik1 for everything else.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guó (guo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwok³ / gok³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guó
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guó
    • Wade–Giles: kuo²
    • Yale: gwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gwo
    • Palladius: го (go)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gwok³ / gok³
    • Yale: gwok / gok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwok⁸ / gok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: guog³ / gog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔːk̚³/, /kɔːk̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kwojH, kweak

Rime
Character	慖	慖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)	麥 (120)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	古對切	古獲切
Baxter	kwojH	kweak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuʌiH/	/kˠwɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kuoiH/	/kʷᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɒiH/	/kuɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwəjH/	/kwəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/kuᴀiH/	/kuɛk̚/
Wang Li	/kuɒiH/	/kwæk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuɑ̆iH/	/kwæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guì	guo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gui3	gwak1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷɯːɡs/, /*kʷrɯːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慖	慖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5544	5569
Phonetic component	或	或
Rime group	代	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	憒	蟈
Old Chinese	/*kʷɯːɡs/	/*kʷrɯːɡ/

Definitions

慖

1. confused

References

• (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 2), p. 109