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Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 130, +15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 月女女女 (BVVV), four-corner 72217, composition (GJKV) or ⿰(HT))

Derived characters

References


Chinese

trad.
simp. *
alternative forms 𦡳
𦠼

Glyph origin

Etymology

Uncertain.

  • Bodde (1975) cites Zhèng Xuán's opinion that (OC *raːb, “year-end sacrifice”) derives from (OC *rab, “hunt”);
  • Boltz (1979) instead relates it to a much later word written with the same phonetic & meaning "to cut off, to terminate" (of a year);
  • Schuessler (2007) proposes an alternative Sino-Tibetan etymology: just as the (OC *hljeb, *leb) word-family encompasses the meanings "leaf > foliage, year, generation"; so the root *râp "new year, change of year" is apparently a parallel etymon, which also is cognate with Tibetan རབས། (rabs, generation) (Bodman, 1980).

Pronunciation


Note: lip6 - variant.
Note:
  • la̍p/lia̍p - literary;
  • la̍h - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /la⁵¹/
Harbin /la⁵³/
Tianjin /lɑ⁵³/
Jinan /la²¹/
Qingdao /la⁴²/
Zhengzhou /la²⁴/
Xi'an /la²¹/
Xining /la⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /la¹³/
Lanzhou /la¹³/
Ürümqi /la²¹³/
Wuhan /na²¹³/
Chengdu /na³¹/
Guiyang /na²¹/
Kunming /la̠³¹/
Nanjing /lɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /lɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /laʔ²/
Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /laʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /laʔ¹/
Suzhou /laʔ³/
Hangzhou /lɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /la²¹³/
Hui Shexian /la²²/
Tunxi /lɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /la²⁴/
Xiangtan /nɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /laʔ²/ ~月
/laʔ⁵/ ~肉
Hakka Meixian /lap̚⁵/
Taoyuan /lɑp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lap̚²/
Nanning /ʟap̚²²/
Hong Kong /lap̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lap̚⁵/
/laʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /laʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /la⁴²/
/si²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /laʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /la³³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter lap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/lɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/lɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/lɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lap̚/
Li
Rong
/lɑp̚/
Wang
Li
/lɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/lɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
laap6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ lap ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.rˁap/
English winter sacrifice

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 8146
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*raːb/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. year-end sacrifice to the gods
  2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
      ―  shāo  ―  preserved or roasted meat

Compounds

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References


Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Noun

(ろう) (

  1. a Buddhist ceremony held in winter on the third day of the dog
  2. the twelfth month of the lunar-solar calendar
  3. a year in Buddhism after one completes a meditation retreat

Synonyms


Korean

Hanja

(rap>nap) (hangeul >, revised rap>nap, McCune–Reischauer rap>nap, Yale lap>nap)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) (chạp, chợp, lạp, lép)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.