陽炎
Chinese
[edit]positive (electric.); sun; male | flame; inflammation; ‑itis | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (陽炎) | 陽 | 炎 | |
simp. (阳炎) | 阳 | 炎 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ ㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yángyán
- Wade–Giles: yang2-yen2
- Yale: yáng-yán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangyan
- Palladius: янъянь (janʺjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɑŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 揚言/扬言
陽炎/阳炎
佯言
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: joeng4 jim4
- Yale: yèuhng yìhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: joeng4 jim4
- Guangdong Romanization: yêng4 yim4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jœːŋ²¹ jiːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
[edit]陽炎
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
陽 | 炎 |
Grade: 3 | Grade: S |
irregular |
*/kaɡerʷo pʷi/ → /kaɡirohi/ → /kaɡiroi/
Originally a compound of かげる (kageru, “to shine, to shimmer”, obsolete, only found in compounds; cognate with 影 kage, “shadow”, and with the kaga element in 炫 kaga, kagaya, “shining, shimmering”; 輝く kagayaku, “to shine, to sparkle”) + 火 (hi, “fire, flame”).[1] In non-final position, /e/ raises to /i/ in Japanese.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]陽炎 • (kagiroi) ←かぎろひ (kagirofi)?
- (archaic) heat shimmer, heat haze
- , text here:
- 今更 雪零目八方 蜻火之 燎留春部常 成西物乎
- 今さらに 雪降らめやも かぎろひの 燃ゆる春へと なりにしものを
- いまさらに ゆきふらめやも かぎろひの もゆるはるへと なりにしものを
- Ima sara ni / yuki furame ya mo / kagirohi no / moyuru haru he to / narinishi mono wo
- And now already, when snow shall not fall, it has become the springtime with its smouldering heat haze
- , text here:
- (archaic) the glow of dawn
- , text here:
- 東 野炎 立所見而 反見為者 月西渡
- 東の 野にかぎろひの 立つ見えて かへり見すれば 月かたぶきぬ
- ひむがしの のにかぎろひの たつみえて かへりみすれば つきかたぶきぬ
- Himugashi no / no ni kagirohi no / tatsu miete / kaherimi sureba / tsuki katabukinu
- In the field of the east, the start of the dawn's glow can be seen, and looking back the other way, the moon has begun to set
- , text here:
Usage notes
[edit]In general use, this term has been replaced by the modern form kagerō below.
Used in poetry and formal writing as a 枕詞 (makura kotoba), a kind of epithet, to precede certain terms.
- 陽炎の春 (kagiroi no haru): “heat-hazy spring” → introduces the idea of springtime, from the way that fields often shimmer in the heat of a sunny spring day.
- 陽炎の心燃ゆ (kagiroi no kokoro-moyu): “heat-hazy heart-burning” → in reference to the heat of one's passion (note that this is not heartburn in the English term's sense of indigestion).
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
陽 | 炎 |
Grade: 3 | Grade: S |
irregular |
/kaɡiroi/ → /kaɡeroi/
Traditionally described as a shift in pronunciation from kagiroi above.[1] However, this might be the original form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]陽炎 • (kageroi) ←かげろひ (kagerofi)?
Usage notes
[edit]In general use, this term has been replaced by the modern form kagerō below.
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
陽 | 炎 |
Grade: 3 | Grade: S |
irregular |
/kaɡeroi/ → /kaɡerou/ → /kaɡeroː/
Shift in pronunciation from kageroi above, via vowel backing and raising of /fi/ > */fo/ > /fu/, remniscent of 火 (ho-, “fire”) and Eastern Old Japanese 火 (pu, “fire”).[1] This is the most common reading.
Starting from the Heian period, used in poetry to allude to something indistinct, or something that might not be there; compare use of the English term mirage.
Associated with the season of spring.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) かげろー [kàgéꜜròò] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][3]
- (Tokyo) かげろー [kàgéróó] (Heiban – [0])[3]
- IPA(key): [ka̠ɡe̞ɾo̞ː]
Noun
[edit]- heat shimmer, heat haze
- (by extension) ephemerality
Idioms
[edit]- 陽炎稲妻水の月 (kagerō inazuma mizu no tsuki): “heat haze, lightning, the moon [reflected] in water” → a metaphor for something unobtainable; compare pie in the sky
Usage notes
[edit]This kagerō form is the modern reading.
Used in writing as a 枕詞 (makura kotoba), a kind of epithet, to precede certain terms.
- 陽炎の小野 (kagerō no Ono): “heat-hazy Ono” → introduces places called Ono (literally “small field”), from the way that fields often shimmer in the heat of a sunny day.
- 陽炎の石 (kagerō no ishi): “heat-hazy stones” → in reference to a place with exposed stone, such as a stone wall, boulders, or a riverbed.
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
陽 | 炎 |
よう Grade: 3 |
えん Grade: S |
on'yomi |
/jauen/ → /jɔːen/ → /joːen/
From Middle Chinese compound 陽炎/阳炎 (yang hjem, literally “sun + burn, blazing”). Compare modern Mandarin 陽炎/阳炎 (yángyán, “sun glare”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]Less common than the kagerō reading above.
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
陽 | 炎 |
Noun
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