예순

Jeju

Jeju numbers ^(edit)

←  50	60	70  → [a], [b], [c], [d]
	6[a], [b]
Native isol.: 예쉰 (yeswin), 예순 (yesun)     Native attr.: 예쉰 (yeswin), 예순 (yesun)     Sino: 육십 (yuksip)

Alternative forms

• 예쉰 (yeswin)

Etymology

From Middle Korean 여ᄉᆔᆫ〯 (yèsyǔyn). Cognate to Korean 예순 (yesun).

Pronunciation

• (Morphophonemic) IPA^(key): ⫽jesun⫽
• (Jeju City) IPA^(key): [jesʰun]
• Phonetic hangul: [예순]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	yesun
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	yesun
Yale Romanization?	yeyswun

Numeral

예순 (yesun)

1. sixty

Korean

Korean numbers ^(edit)

←  50	60	70  →
	6
Native isol.: 예순 (yesun)     Native attr.: 예순 (yesun)     Sino-Korean: 육십 (yuksip), 륙십 (ryuksip)     Hanja: 六十

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 여ᄉᆔᆫ〯 (Yale: yèsywǔyn).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [je̞sʰun]
• Phonetic hangul: [예순]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	yesun
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	yesun
McCune–Reischauer?	yesun
Yale Romanization?	yeyswun

Numeral

예순 • (yesun)

1. (native numeral, possibly dated) sixty

   Synonym: 육십/륙십(六十) (“sixty”, Sino-Korean numeral)

Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

• 개 한 마리 (gae han mari, “one dog”, native numeral)
• 나무 두 그루 (namu du geuru, “two trees”, native numeral)

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

• 종이 두 장(張) (jong'i du jang, “two sheets of paper”, native numeral)
• 이 분(分) (i bun, “two minutes”, Sino-Korean numeral)
• 서른/삼십 명(名) (seoreun/samsip myeong, “thirty people”, both sets possible)

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

• 일 킬로미터 (il killomiteo, “one kilometer”, Sino-Korean numeral)

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

• 세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
• 삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

• 하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
• 일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi ir-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.