werfen
German
Etymology
From Middle High German wërfen, from Old High German werfan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną. Cognate with Old Saxon werpan, Dutch werpen, English warp.
Pronunciation
Verb
werfen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present wirft, past tense warf, past participle geworfen, past subjunctive würfe, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive, intransitive) to throw
- (transitive, computing, exception handling) to throw
- Der Konstruktor mit dem einen Parameter wirft in diesem Falle eine Ausnahme.
- The constructor with this one parameter throws an exception in this case.
- (transitive) to cast; to project
- einen Schatten werfen ― to cast a shadow
- ein Bild an/auf die Wand werfen ― to project an image on the wall
- (transitive, intransitive) to give birth (of some animals)
- Die Sau wirft ihre Jungen.
- The sow is birthing her young.
- (reflexive) to throw oneself (on a bed etc.)
Conjugation
infinitive | werfen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | werfend | ||||
past participle | geworfen | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich werfe | wir werfen | i | ich werfe | wir werfen |
du wirfst | ihr werft | du werfest | ihr werfet | ||
er wirft | sie werfen | er werfe | sie werfen | ||
preterite | ich warf | wir warfen | ii | ich würfe1 | wir würfen1 |
du warfst | ihr warft | du würfest1 du würfst1 |
ihr würfet1 ihr würft1 | ||
er warf | sie warfen | er würfe1 | sie würfen1 | ||
imperative | wirf (du) | werft (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
- abwerfen
- anwerfen
- aufwerfen
- auswerfen
- bewerfen
- das Handtuch werfen
- die Flinte ins Korn werfen
- ein Auge auf jemanden werfen
- einwerfen
- entwerfen
- fortwerfen
- Hammerwerfen
- hinauswerfen
- hinwerfen
- in die Brust werfen
- nachwerfen
- Perlen vor die Säue werfen
- überwerfen
- umwerfen
- unterwerfen
- verwerfen
- vorwerfen
- wegwerfen
- Werfen
- zerwerfen
- zuwerfen
Related terms
Further reading
- “werfen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “werfen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “werfen” in Duden online
- “werfen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “werfen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From Middle High German werfen, from Old High German werfan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną. While the verb as such is probably inherited, the form seems to have undergone an irregular development, perhaps under influence of German werfen.
Pronunciation
Verb
werfen (third-person singular present wërft, past participle geworf, auxiliary verb hunn)
- to throw
Conjugation
Irregular | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | werfen | |
participle | geworf | |
auxiliary | hunn | |
present indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | werfen | — |
2nd singular | wërfs | werf |
3rd singular | wërft | — |
1st plural | werfen | — |
2nd plural | werft | werft |
3rd plural | werfen | — |
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. |
Synonyms
Middle High German
Etymology
From Old High German werfan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną. Akin to Old Saxon werpan, Dutch werpen, Old English weorpan.
Verb
wërfen
- to throw
Conjugation
infinitive | wërfen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | wërfende | ||||
past participle | geworfen | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
present | ich wirfe | wir wërfen | i | ich wërfe | wir wërfen |
du wirfest | ir wërfet | du wërfest | ir wërfet | ||
ër wirfet | sie wërfent | ër wërfet | sie wërfen | ||
preterite | ich warf | wir wurfen | ii | ich würfe | wir würfen |
du würfe | ir wurfet | du würfest | ir würfet | ||
ër warf | sie wurfen | ër würfe | sie würfen | ||
imperative | wirf (du) | wërfen (wir) | wërfet (ir) |
Descendants
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 3 strong verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German intransitive verbs
- de:Computing
- German terms with usage examples
- German reflexive verbs
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from German
- Luxembourgish 2-syllable words
- Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish verbs
- Luxembourgish verbs using hunn as auxiliary
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German verbs
- Middle High German class 3 strong verbs