健

健 U+5065, 健 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5065 ← 偤 [U+5064] CJK Unified Ideographs 偦 → [U+5066]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

健 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人弓大手 (ONKQ), four-corner 2524₀, composition ⿰亻建)

Derived characters

• 𮧨, 𨫡, 𮅿, 𩅋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 111, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 875
• Dae Jaweon: page 237, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 184, character 9
• Unihan data for U+5065

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		健
2nd round simp.		伣
alternative forms		徤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 健
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Small seal script s05709
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (建) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
犍	*ɡran, *kan
騝	*ɡran, *kan
鍵	*ɡran, *ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ
揵	*ɡran, *kanʔ
鞬	*kan
腱	*kan, *ɡans
湕	*kanʔ
建	*kans
旔	*kans
楗	*ɡanʔ
健	*ɡans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡans) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 建 (OC *kans).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 健

1. strong; robust; vigorous
2. healthy; in good health

   健康  ―  jiànkāng  ―  health; healthy; sound

3. adeptly; energetically
4. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

健

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. strong, robust, healthy
2. strength

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)
• Kun: すこやか (sukoyaka, 健やか, Jōyō)、たけし (takeshi, 健し)、したたか (shitataka, 健か)

Compounds

• 健康(けんこう) (kenkō): health
• 健全(けんぜん) (kenzen)
• 健闘(けんとう) (kentō): good fight, strenuous effort

Proper noun

健(けん) • (Ken) 

1. a male given name

健(たけし) • (Takeshi) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 健 (MC gjonH).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 껀〮 (Yale: kkén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Middle Korean 건 (ken) (Yale: ken) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kɘ(ː)n]
• Phonetic hangul: [건(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

健 (eumhun 굳셀 건 (gutsel geon))
健 (eumhun 건강할 건 (geon'ganghal geon))

1. hanja form^? of 건 (“strong; firm”)
2. hanja form^? of 건 (“used to form nouns related to health”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 건각 (健脚, geon'gak)
• 건강 (健康, geon'gang)
• 건경 (健勁, geon'gyeong)
• 건담 (健啖, geondam)
• 건망 (健忘, geonmang)
• 건보 (健步, geonbo)
• 건부 (健夫, geonbu)
• 건부 (健婦, geonbu)
• 건상 (健爽, geonsang)
• 건선 (健羨, geonseon)
• 건승 (健勝, geonseung)
• 건식 (健食, geonsik)
• 건실 (健實, geonsil)
• 건아 (健兒, geona)
• 건완 (健腕, geonwan)
• 건위 (健胃, geonwi)
• 건장 (健壯, geonjang)
• 건재 (健在, geonjae)
• 건전 (健全, geonjeon)
• 건첩 (健捷, geoncheop)
• 건투 (健鬪, geontu)
• 건필 (健筆, geonpil)
• 강건 (剛健, ganggeon)
• 강건 (康健, ganggeon)
• 경건 (勁健, gyeonggeon)
• 권건 (權健, gwon'geon)
• 보건 (保健, bogeon)
• 필건 (筆健, pilgeon)
• 항건 (伉健, hanggeon)
• 건담가 (健啖家, geondamga)
• 건망증 (健忘症, geonmangjeung)
• 건망실어증 (健忘失語症, geonmangsireojeung)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

健: Hán Nôm readings: kiện, kẹn, lương

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.