monument

See also: Monument and monûment

English

Devils Tower National Monument.

Etymology

From Middle English monument, from Old French monument, from Latin monumentum (“memorial”), from monēre (“to remind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/, /ˈmɑnjəmənt/
• IPA^(key): /ˈmɒnjʊmənt/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: mon‧u‧ment

Noun

monument (plural monuments)

A monument (definitions 1 or 2) in Lithuania at the Geographical Center of Europe

1. A structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons, or as a memorial; a commemoration.

   There is a monument on the town green to the soldiers who died in World War I.

2. An important site owned by the community as a whole.
3. An exceptional or proud achievement.
   • 1961 October, “Talking of Trains: Last of the M.S.W.J.R.”, in Trains Illustrated, page 586:

     The line became a monument to his drive and imagination - and a hard training course for the future chief of the Great Central.

4. An important burial vault or tomb.
5. A legal document.
6. A surveying reference point marked by a permanently fixed marker (a survey monument).
7. A pile of stones left by a prospector to claim ownership of ore etc. found in a mine.
8. (surveying) a natural or artificial object used as a reference point
9. A surviving record.
   • 1896, Auguste Brachet and Paget Toynbee, A Historical Grammar of the French Language (Clarendon Press series)‎^[1], Clarendon Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 15:

     This linguistic fragment, rough as it may appear, is of the highest interest; for it is the first written monument of the French language, eleven hundred years old.

   • 2018 June 11, Jared Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK])‎^[2], Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, →OCLC:

     Czech was long used as a written language also by the Slovaks; the earliest existing Slovak monument is the Žilina Town Book from the late 15^th century

Hyponyms

• cenotaph

Derived terms

• ancient monument
• remonumentation
• natural monument

Related terms

• monumental
• monumentally

Translations

structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons

• Afrikaans: monument
• Albanian: përmendore (sq) f, monument (sq) m
• Arabic: نُصُب (ar) (nuṣub)
• Armenian: հուշարձան (hy) (hušarjan)
• Azerbaijani: abidə (az)
• Belarusian: по́мнік (be) m (pómnik), па́мятнік m (pámjatnik), мануме́нт m (manumjént)
• Bengali: স্মৃতিসৌধ (smritiśōudh)
• Bulgarian: па́метник (bg) m (pámetnik), монуме́нт (bg) m (monumént)
• Burmese: ပေါ်ထင်စေသောအရာ (pauhtangcesau:a.ra)
• Catalan: monument (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 紀念碑／纪念碑 (zh) (jìniànbēi), 纪念碑 (zh) (jìniànbēi)

• Czech: památník (cs) m, monument (cs) m, pomník (cs) m
• Danish: monument, mindesmærke
• Dutch: monument (nl) n
• Estonian: mälestussammas, monument (et), mälestusmärk
• Finnish: monumentti (fi)
• French: monument (fr) m, mémorial (fr)
• Galician: monumento (gl) m
• Georgian: ძეგლი (ʒegli), მონუმენტი (monumenṭi)
• German: Denkmal (de) n, Monument (de) n
• Greek:

  Ancient: μνῆμα n (mnêma)

• Hebrew: מוֹנוֹמֶנְט (he), אַנדַרטָה (he)
• Hindi: स्मारक (hi) m (smārak)
• Hungarian: emlékmű (hu)
• Icelandic: minnismerki (is) n
• Indonesian: tugu (id)
• Italian: monumento (it) m
• Japanese: 記念碑 (ja) (きねんひ, kinenhi), モニュメント (monyumento)
• Kazakh: ескерткіш (kk) (eskertkış)
• Khmer: វិមាន (km) (vimiən), អនុស្សាវរីយ៍ (a’nuhsaava’rii)
• Korean: 기념비(紀念碑) (ko) (ginyeombi)
• Kyrgyz: эстелик (ky) (estelik)
• Lao: ອານຸສາວະລີ (lo) (ʼā nu sā wa lī)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latin: monumentum n
• Latvian: piemineklis m, monuments m
• Lithuanian: paminklas m, monumentas m
• Luxembourgish: Monument
• Macedonian: спо́меник m (spómenik)
• Mongolian: хөшөө (mn) (xöšöö)
• Norman: monûment m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: monument n

  Nynorsk: monument n

• Oromo: siidaa
• Pashto: يادګار m (yādgā́r), آبده (ps) f (ābedá), ماذنه (māzána)
• Persian: یادمان (fa) (yâdmân)
• Plautdietsch: Denkjmol n
• Polish: pomnik (pl) m, monument (pl) m
• Portuguese: monumento (pt) m
• Romanian: monument (ro)
• Russian: па́мятник (ru) m (pámjatnik), монуме́нт (ru) m (monumént)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: споменик m, монумент m

  Roman: spomenik (sh) m, monument (sh) m

• Slovak: pamätník m, monument m, pomník m
• Slovene: spomenik (sl) m
• Spanish: monumento (es) m
• Swedish: monument (sv), minnesmärke (sv)
• Tagalog: bantayog (tl)
• Tajik: ёдгорӣ (yodgori), ҳайкал (tg) (haykal)
• Thai: อนุสาวรีย์ (th) (à-nú-sǎa-wá-rii), อนุสรณ์สถาน (à-nú-sɔ̌ɔn-sà-tǎan)
• Tibetan: དྲན་གསོའི་རྟེན (dran gso'i rten)
• Turkish: anıt (tr), abide (tr)
• Turkmen: monument, ýadygärlik
• Ukrainian: па́м'ятник m (pámʺjatnyk), монуме́нт m (monumént)
• Urdu: یادگار (ur) (yādgār)
• Uzbek: haykal (uz), monument (uz), yodgorlik (uz)
• Vietnamese: đài tưởng niệm
• Yiddish: דענקמאָל (denkmol)

important site owned by the community as a whole

• Finnish: monumentti (fi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

exceptional or prideful achievement

• Finnish: suursaavutus
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Polish: monument (pl) m

important burial vault

• Finnish: hautamuistomerkki (fi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

legal document

• Finnish: asiakirja (fi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

Verb

monument (third-person singular simple present monuments, present participle monumenting, simple past and past participle monumented)

1. (transitive) To mark or memorialize with a monument.

Further reading

• “monument”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “monument”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

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Catalan

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

Further reading

• “monument” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “monument”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “monument” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “monument” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [monuˈmɛ̝ˀnd̥]

Noun

monument n (singular definite monumentet, plural indefinite monumenter)

1. monument

Synonyms

• mindesmærke

References

• “monument” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “monument” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

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Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌmoːnyˈmɛnt/

• audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛnt

Noun

monument n (plural monumenten, diminutive monumentje n)

1. monument

Descendants

• → Indonesian: monumen
• → Papiamentu: monument (dated)

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Estonian

Russalka monument in Tallinn

Etymology

From German Monument, ultimately from Latin monumentum (“memorial”) (from monēre (“to remind”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmonumenʲt/, [ˈmonumenʲtˑ]
• Hyphenation: mo‧nu‧ment

Noun

monument (genitive monumendi, partitive monumenti)

1. monument
   1. A sculpture or building built for the honour and commemoration of a person or an event.

Synonyms

• mälestusmärk
• mälestussammas
• mälestuskivi
• ausammas
• sammas
• mälestis
• memoriaal

Derived terms

• monumentaalne

References

• monument in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

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French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɔ.ny.mɑ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Further reading

• “monument”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument n (definite singular monumentet, indefinite plural monument or monumenter, definite plural monumenta or monumentene)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

References

• “monument” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument n (definite singular monumentet, indefinite plural monument, definite plural monumenta)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

References

• “monument” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum. Attested from the 13th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /munyˈmen/

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Noun

monument m (plural monuments)

1. monument

Related terms

• monumental

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Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /munyˈmɛŋt/

Noun

monument m

1. monument

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Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Noun

monument m inan (diminutive monumencik)

1. (sculpture) monument (structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons)

   Synonym: pomnik

2. monument (exceptional or prideful achievement)

Declension

Declension of monument

	singular	plural
nominative	monument	monumenty
genitive	monumentu	monumentów
dative	monumentowi	monumentom
accusative	monument	monumenty
instrumental	monumentem	monumentami
locative	monumencie	monumentach
vocative	monumencie	monumenty

Further reading

• monument in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• monument in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French monument, Latin monumentum. Doublet of the inherited mormânt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo.nuˈment/

Noun

monument n (plural monumente)

1. monument
2. memorial

Declension

Declension of monument

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) monument	monumentul	(niște) monumente	monumentele
genitive/dative	(unui) monument	monumentului	(unor) monumente	monumentelor
vocative	monumentule		monumentelor

Related terms

• monumental

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Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin monumentum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /moːnɵˈmɛnt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

monument n

1. monument

Declension

Declension of monument

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	monument	monuments
	definite	monumentet	monumentets
plural	indefinite	monumenter	monumenters
	definite	monumenterna	monumenternas

Synonyms

• minnesmärke