ܫܥܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic שָׁעְתָא‎ (šāʿəṯā); related to Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa) and Hebrew שָׁעָה (sha'á). Doublet of ܣܵܥܲܬ (sāʿat).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃɑʕːtɑː]
• IPA^(key): [ʃɑʔːtɑː]
• IPA^(key): [ʃe.θɑː]

Noun

ܫܵܥܬܵܐ • (šāʿtā) f sg (plural ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ (šāʿē))

1. An hour (a period of time, sixty minutes)

   ܐܝܼܬ ܐܸܫܬܝܼ ܕܲܩܝܼܩܹ̈ܐ ܓܵܘ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ.

   īt ištī daqīqē gāw šāʿtā.

   There are sixty minutes in an hour.

   ܡܵܛܲܚ ܒܚܲܡܸܫ ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ.

   māṭaḵ b-ḵamiš šāʿē.

   We will arrive in five hours.

   ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܛܵܪܹܝܬ ܬܚܘܿܬ ܬܡܵܢܝܼ ܟܝܼܠܘܿܡܹܛܪܹ̈ܐ ܓܵܘ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܠܕܐܵܗܵܐ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ.

   wālē d-ṭārēt ḵot tmānē kīlomēṭrē gāw šāʿtā l-d-āhā urḵā.

   You must drive under eighty kilometers per hour on this road.

   • Matthew 24:36:

     ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܠܗ̇ܘ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܘܠܗ̇ܝ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܐܘܼܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܠܹܐ ܝܵܕܹܥ، ܘܐܘܼܦ ܠܵܐ ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܕܫܡܲܝܵܐ، ܐܸܠܵܐ ܒܵܒܵܐ ܒܢܲܦ̮ܫܹܗ.

     īnā l-awā yāwmā w-l-ayā šāʿtā up ḵa nāšā lē yādēʿ, w-up lā malaḵē d-šmayyā, illā bābā b-nafšēh.

     But of that day and that hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, Zech. 14:7but My Father only.

2. (by extension) The time.

   ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܟܡܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇؟ ― šāʿtā kmā ìlāh? ― What time is it? (literally, “how much is the hour?”)

   ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܡܵܢܹܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇. ― šāʿtā d-tmānē ìlāh. ― It's eight o'clock. (literally, “It is the hour of eight.”)

   ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܚܕܲܥܸܣܪܹܐ ܘܦܲܠܓܘܿܗ̇ ܝܠܵܗ̇. ― šāʿtā d-ḵdaʿisrē w-palgoh ìlāh. ― It's eleven thirty. (literally, “It is the hour of eleven and it’s half.”)

   • Luke 23:44:

     ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܬܲܥܸܣܪܹܐ ܕܛܲܗܪܵܐ، ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܐ ܚܸܫܟܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܟܠܵܗ̇ ܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܗܲܠ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܠܵܬ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܲܬ݇ܪ ܛܲܗܪܵܐ

     ayḵ šāʿtā d-tartaʿisrē d-ṭahrā, wīlēh ḵiškā ʿal kulāh arʿā hal šāʿtā d-tlāt min bar ṭahrā.

     Now it was about the sixth hour (twelfth hour at noon) and there was darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour (third hour in the afternoon).

3. timepiece, clock, watch.

   ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܸܒܸܢܵܗ̇ ܫܵܥܬܘܼܟ݂ ܫܲܦܝܼܪܬܵܐ.

   kē maḵibennāh šāʿtoḵ šapīrtā.

   I love your beautiful watch.

4. (astronomy) angle, degree

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܵܥܬܵܐ (šāˁtā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	- (-)	1st person	ܫܵܥܬܝܼ (šāˁtī)		ܫܵܥܬܲܢ (šāˁtan)
	construct	ܫܵܥܲܬ (šāˁat)	2nd person	ܫܵܥܬܘܼܟ݂ (šāˁtūḵ)	ܫܵܥܬܵܟ݂ܝ (šāˁtāḵ)	ܫܵܥܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šāˁtāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܵܥܬܵܐ (šāˁtā)	3rd person	ܫܵܥܬܹܗ (šāˁtēh)	ܫܵܥܬܘܿܗ̇ (šāˁtōh)	ܫܵܥܬܗܘܿܢ (šāˁthōn)
plural	absolute	- (-)	1st person	ܫܵܥܝܼ (šāˁī)		ܫܵܥܲܢ̈ (šāˁan)
	construct	ܫܵܥܲܝ̈ (šāˁay)	2nd person	ܫܵܥܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šāˁūḵ)	ܫܵܥܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šāˁāḵ)	ܫܵܥܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šāˁāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ (šāˁē)	3rd person	ܫܵܥܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šāˁūh)	ܫܵܥ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šāˁōh)	ܫܵܥ̈ܗܘܿܢ (šāˁhōn)

See also

• ܕܲܩܝܼܩܵܐ (daqīqā, “minute”)
• ܝܲܪܚܵܐ (yarḵā, “month”)
• ܝܵܘܡܵܐ (yāwmā, “day”)
• ܪܦܵܦܵܐ (rpāpā, “second”)
• ܫܲܒ݂ܘܼܥܵܐ (šawuʿā, “week”)
• ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (šētā, “year”)

 

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Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa) and Hebrew שָׁעָה (šāʿâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃɑʕ(ə)θɑ(ʔ)]
• IPA^(key): [ʃɑʕe(ʔ)], [ʃɑʕɑθɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܫܥܬܐ • (šāʿṯāʾ) f (plural ܫܥܬܐ or ܫܥܐ)

1. hour (60 minutes)
2. time, o'clock
3. moment
4. season
5. (astronomy) angle, degree
6. (astronomy) ascendant
7. unit of weight equal to 5 oz.
8. (astrology) horoscope

Usage notes

• Usually, the plural ܫܥܐ (šāʿēʾ) is a paucal plural (from two to ten) while the plural ܫܥܬܐ (šāʿāṯāʾ) is a multiple plural (eleven or more).
• The absolute singular form ܫܥ (šāʿ) only occurs in the compound ܟܠܫܥ (kolšāʿ, “always”).

Inflection

    declension of ܫܥܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܥ) ,ܫܥܐ)	ܫܥܢ ,ܫܥܝܢ
construct	ܫܥܬ	ܫܥܬ ,ܫܥܝ
emphatic	ܫܥܬܐ	ܫܥܬܐ ,ܫܥܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܥܬܝ	ܫܥܬܝ ,ܫܥܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܥܬܟ	ܫܥܬܟ ,ܫܥܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܥܬܟܝ	ܫܥܬܟܝ ,ܫܥܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܥܬܗ	ܫܥܬܗ ,ܫܥܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܥܬܗ	ܫܥܬܗ ,ܫܥܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܥܬܢ	ܫܥܬܢ ,ܫܥܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܥܬܟܘܢ	ܫܥܬܟܘܢ ,ܫܥܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܥܬܟܝܢ	ܫܥܬܟܝܢ ,ܫܥܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܥܬܗܘܢ	ܫܥܬܗܘܢ ,ܫܥܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܥܬܗܝܢ	ܫܥܬܗܝܢ ,ܫܥܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܫ-ܥ-ܐ (š-ʿ-ʾ) related to playing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃ(ə)ʕɑθɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܫܥܬܐ • (šʿāṯāʾ) f (plural ܫܥܬܐ)

1. amusement, joke
2. laughing stock
3. play, game
4. sport
5. spectacle

Inflection

    declension of ܫܥܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܥܐ	ܫܥܢ
construct	ܫܥܬ	ܫܥܬ
emphatic	ܫܥܬܐ	ܫܥܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܥܬܝ	ܫܥܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܥܬܟ	ܫܥܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܥܬܟܝ	ܫܥܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܥܬܗ	ܫܥܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܥܬܗ	ܫܥܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܥܬܢ	ܫܥܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܥܬܟܘܢ	ܫܥܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܥܬܟܝܢ	ܫܥܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܥܬܗܘܢ	ܫܥܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܥܬܗܝܢ	ܫܥܬܗܝܢ

References

• “šˁh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pp. 363a, 375b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 588a, 598a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 1584b-1585a

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Turoyo

Etymology

From Aramaic ܫܥܬܐ (šāʿṯā). Doublet of ܣܰܥܰܐ‎ (saca‎), an Arabic borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃoʕθo/

Noun

ܫܳܥܬ݂ܳܐ‎ • (šocṯo‎) f (plural ܫܳܥܶܐ (šoce))

1. hour

   Synonym: ܣܰܥܰܐ‎ (saca‎)

See also

• ܫܰܬܳܐ (šato, “year”)
• ܝܰܪܚܳܐ (yarḥo, “month”)
• ܫܰܒܬ݂ܳܐ (šabṯo, “week”)
• ܝܰܘܡܳܐ (yawmo, “day”)
• ܕܰܩܩܰܐ (daqqa, “minute”), ܩܰܛܷܢܬܳܐ (qaṭënto, “minute”)
• ܨܰܢܝـܝܶܐ (ṣaniye, “second”), ܪܦܳܦܳܐ (rfofo, “second”)