Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂er-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂er-

to fit, to fix, to put together

Extensions

*h₂er-dʰ-
- *h₂or-dʰ-h₃onh₂-
  - Proto-Italic:
    - Latin: ordō
- *h₂r̥-dʰ-mó-s
  - Proto-Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: ἀρθμός (arthmós)
- *h₂ér-dʰ-ro-m
  - Proto-Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: ἄρθρον (árthron)

Derived terms

Template:PIE root see

*h₂r-éh₁(ye)-ti
- *h₂reh₁- (reanalyzed root)
*h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-téy-s
- Italic:
  - Latin: ars
*h₂r̥-tó-s
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἁμαρτή (hamartḗ), (ἁμ)αρτή ((ham)artḗ)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥tás (see there for further descendants)
- Italic:
  - Latin: artus
*h₂ér-tus ~ *h₂r̥-téw-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥túš
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥túṣ
    - Sanskrit: ऋतु (ṛtú)
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hr̥túš
    - Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (ratu)
    - Middle Persian: lt' (rad)
      - Persian: رد (rad)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἀρτύς (artús), ἀρτύω (artúō)
- Italic:
  - Latin: artus
- Proto-Tocharian: *ārtw-(ā)-^[1]
  - Tocharian A: ārt-
  - Tocharian B: ārtt-
*h₂r̥-mó-s
- Indo-Iranian:
  - Indo-Aryan:
    - Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
- Italic:
  - Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=., arma n pl (“arms, weapons”)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἁρμός (harmós)
- → *h₂r̥-mo-d-yéti
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἁρμόζω (harmózō)
*h₂r̥-mo-n-ih₂
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἁρμονίᾱ (harmoníā)
*h₂ér-mn̥ ~ *h₂r̥-mén-s
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἅρμα (hárma)
- → *h₂er-mn̥-to-
  - Italic:
    - Latin: armentum
- *h₂er-mr̥
  - Proto-Tocharian:
    - Tocharian B: āmpär^[2]
*h₂ér-yōs ~ *h₂r-is-és
- → *h₂ér-(h₁)-isō
  - Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: ἀρείων (areíōn)
- → *h₂ér-is-to-s
  - Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: ἄριστος (áristos)
- → *h₂r-is-teró-s
  - Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: ἀριστερός (aristerós)
*h₂er-eh₂-k-sneh₂ (may be with root *(s)neh₁-)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἀράχνη (arákhnē), ἀράχνης (arákhnēs)
- Italic:
  - Latin: arānea, arāneus
Unsorted formations:
- Anatolian: *ʔor- < o-grade form, *h₂or-, with the laryngeal neutralized before */o/
  - Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
  - Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: առնեմ (aṙnem), յարեմ (yarem), յարմար (yarmar), արդ (ard), (possibly) անարի (anari), (possibly) արմանամ (armanam)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Proto-Slavic: *arьmò, *arь̀mъ (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἄρα (ára)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háram
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háram
    - Sanskrit: अरम् (áram)
  - Proto-Iranian: *Háram
    - Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
- Tocharian: *ārӓñce (possibly)^[3]
  - Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.^[4]
  - Tocharian A: ārwar
  - Tocharian B: ārwer

References

^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ārtt-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 55
^ Isebaert, Lambert (1977) “Notes de lexicologie tokharienne I-II”, in Orbis: bulletin international de documentation linguistique (in French), volume 26: “āmpär”
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “arañce”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 23
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ārwer”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 57

[1] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ārtt-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 55

[2] Isebaert, Lambert (1977) “Notes de lexicologie tokharienne I-II”, in Orbis: bulletin international de documentation linguistique (in French), volume 26: “āmpär”

[3] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “arañce”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 23

[4] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ārwer”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 57

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[2]

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂er-

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Proto-Indo-European

Root

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Derived terms

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂er-

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Extensions

Derived terms

Further reading

References

Navigation menu

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