Viking

See also: viking, víking, and vîkîng

English

Alternative forms

Variant spellings

• α-forms (<r>-terminal):
  • Vikinger, vikinger
  • Vikingir, vikingir
  • Vikingr, vikingr

• β-forms (<v>-initial, [ŋ]-terminal):
  • Viking, viking

• γ-forms (<w>-initial):
  • Wicking, wicking
  • Wiking, wiking

Etymology

Borrowing from Old Norse víkingr. Already in Old English as wīcing and Old Frisian witsing, wising, but extinct in Middle English and loaned anew in the 19th century.

Old Norse víking (“marauding, piracy”) itself is from Old Norse vík (“inlet, cove, fjord”) + -ing (“one belonging to, one who frequents”) (the -r is the nominative desinence). Thus, “one from or who frequents the sea’s inlets”.

The Old English or Anglo-Frisian form, existing therein since at least the eighth century), could also have been derived from or influenced by Old English wīc (“camp”), on account of the temporary encampments which were often a prominent feature of the Vikings’ raids.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/
• Rhymes: -aɪkɪŋ

Noun

Viking (plural Vikings)

1. (historical) One of the Scandinavian or other Northern European seafaring warriors that raided (and then settled) the British Isles and other parts of Europe in the 8^th to the 11^th centuries and, according to many historians, were the first Europeans to reach North America.
2. (by extension) A stock character common in the fantasy genera, namely a barbarian, generally equipped with an ax or sword and a helmet adorned with horns.
3. (colloquial) A Norseman (mediaeval Scandinavian).
4. (colloquial, mildly derogatory) An ethnic Swede, Norwegian, Dane, Icelander or Faroe Islander.
5. (American football) A player on the Minnesota Vikings NFL team.

Derived terms

• vike (jocular verb)

• viking (in attributive use)

• Vikingism

• Vikingship

Translations

One of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors

• Armenian: վիկինգ (hy) (viking)
• Catalan: víking (ca) m, f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 維京人 (zh), 维京人 (zh) (wéijīngrén)

• Danish: viking c
• Dutch: viking (nl) m
• Faroese: víkingur m
• Finnish: viikinki (fi)
• French: viking (fr) m
• Galician: viquingo m
• Georgian: ვიკინგი (ka) (viḳingi)
• German: Wikinger (de) m
• Greek: Βίκινγκ m, f (Víkingk)
• Hebrew: וִיקִינְג‏‎ (he) m
• Icelandic: víkingur (is) m
• Irish: Uigingeach m, Lochlannach m
• Italian: vichingo m
• Japanese: ヴァイキング (vaikingu)
• Korean: 바이킹 (baiking)

• Kurdish: vîkîng (ku)
• Lithuanian: vikingas m
• Marathi: व्हाय्किंग m (vhāykiṇga)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: viking (no) m

  Nynorsk: viking m

• Old English: wicing m
• Old Norse: víkingr m
• Polish: wiking (pl) m
• Portuguese: viquingue (pt) m, viking (pt) m, f
• Russian: ви́кинг (ru) m (víking)
• Scottish Gaelic: Lochlannach m
• Slovak: Viking m
• Spanish: vikingo (es) m
• Swahili: Mvikingi
• Swedish: viking (sv)
• Turkish: viking
• Volapük: viken
• West Frisian: wytsing

Proper noun

Viking

1. A town in Alberta, Canada
2. A city in Minnesota

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Czech

Etymology

From Old Norse víkingr.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

Viking m

1. Viking

Declension

Declension of Viking

	singular	plural
nominative	Viking	Vikingové
genitive	Vikinga	Vikingů
dative	Vikingovi	Vikingům
accusative	Vikinga	Vikingy
vocative	Vikingu	Vikingové
locative	Vikingovi	Vikinzích
instrumental	Vikingem	Vikingy

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Slovak

Etymology

From Old Norse víkingr.

Noun

Viking m (genitive singular Vikinga, nominative plural Vikingovia, declension pattern of chlap)

1. Viking

Declension

Declension of Viking

	singular	plural
nominative	Viking	Vikingovia
genitive	Vikinga	Vikingov
dative	Vikingovi	Vikingom
accusative	Vikinga	Vikingov
locative	Vikingovi	Vikingoch
instrumental	Vikingom	Vikingmi

References

• Viking in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

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Swedish

Etymology

Originally a nickname, appearing in runestones, from Old Norse víkingr (“a Viking”). Revived as a given name since 1829.

Proper noun

Viking

1. A male given name.