amer

See also: âmèr, Amer, amer., and Amer.

Franco-Provençal

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [aˈmɛr] (Aosta)

Adjective

amer (Valdôtain, Graphie BREL)

1. alternative form of amâr (“bitter”)

References

• amer in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu
• amer in Patois VdA: Le site du Francoprovençal en Vallée d'Aoste – on patoisvda.org

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French amer, from Latin amārus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“bitter, raw”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.mɛʁ/

• Audio:

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• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

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• Audio (France (Vosges)):

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• Homophones: amers, amère, amères

Adjective

amer (feminine amère, masculine plural amers, feminine plural amères)

1. bitter
2. sour

Derived terms

• doux-amer
• rose amère

Related terms

• amertume

See also

• âpre

Further reading

• Littré, Émile (1873–1878), “amer”, in Dictionnaire de la langue française, Paris: L. Hachette
• “amer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Anagrams

• arme, armé, mare, rame, ramé

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈamɛr/

Noun

amèr (plural amer-amer)

1. syllabic abbreviation of anggur merah (“red wine”)

Javanese

Romanization

amer

1. romanization of ꦲꦩꦼꦂ

Latin

Verb

amer

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of amō, "I may/might be loved"

Middle French

Verb

amer

1. (rare) alternative form of aymer

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of amer

infinitive	simple	amer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	amant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		amé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ame	ames	ame	amons	amez	ament
	imperfect	amois, amoys	amois, amoys	amoit, amoyt	amions, amyons	amiez, amyez	amoient, amoyent
	past historic	ama	amas	ama	amasmes	amastes	amerent
	future	amerai, ameray	ameras	amera	amerons	amerez	ameront
	conditional	amerois, ameroys	amerois, ameroys	ameroit, ameroyt	amerions, ameryons	ameriez, ameryez	ameroient, ameroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	ame	ames	ame	amons	amez	ament
	imperfect	amasse	amasses	amast	amassions	amassiez	amassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	ame	—	amons	amez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Old French

Etymology 1

From Latin amāre.

Alternative forms

• aamer, ameir, amere, aimer, aeimer, asmer, eimer

Verb

amer

1. to love
   1. (Anglo-Norman) to be faithful to
   2. (Anglo-Norman, euphemistic) to make love to
2. to like
   1. (Anglo-Norman) to be fond of
   2. (Anglo-Norman) to prefer

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ms, *-mt are modified to ns, nt. This verb has a stressed present stem aim distinct from the unstressed stem am. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of amer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		amer			avoir amé
gerund		en amant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		amant
past participle		amé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	aim	aimes	aime	amons	amez	aiment
	imperfect	amoie, ameie, amoe, ameve	amoies, ameies, amoes, ameves	amoit, ameit, amot, ameve	amiiens, amiens	amiiez, amiez	amoient, ameient, amoent, amevent
	preterite	amai	amas	ama	amames	amastes	amerent
	future	amerai	ameras	amera	amerons	ameroiz, amereiz, amerez	ameront
	conditional	ameroie, amereie	ameroies, amereies	ameroit, amereit	ameriiens, ameriens	ameriiez, ameriez	ameroient, amereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	aim	ains	aint	amons	amez	aiment
	imperfect	amasse	amasses	amast	amissons, amissiens	amissoiz, amissez, amissiez	amassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	aime	—	amons	amez	—

Related terms

• ameor

Descendants

• Middle French: aymer, aimer, amer
  • French: aimer
    • Louisiana Creole: linmé
    • Saint Dominican Creole French: haimé
• Norman: aimer

References

• “amer”, in Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth University, 2022–2026

Etymology 2

From Latin amārus.

Alternative forms

• ammer, amier

Adjective

amer m (oblique and nominative feminine singular amere)

1. bitter
2. sour
3. (Anglo-Norman, figurative) painful; unpleasant; grievous
4. (Anglo-Norman) fierce

Declension

	Case	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	subject	amers	amere	amer
	oblique	amer			amere	amer
plural	subject	amer	ameres		amer
	oblique	amers			ameres	amer

Descendants

• French: amer
• Norman: amé

References

• “amer”, in Anglo-Norman Dictionary, Aberystwyth University, 2022–2026

Old Saxon

Noun

amer f

1. alternative form of amsla