cognate

English

Alternative forms

• cogn. (abbreviation)

Etymology

(deprecated template usage) Borrowed from Latin cognātus (“related by blood”), from nātus (“born”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɒɡ.neɪt/, IPA^(key): /ˈkɒɡ.nɨt/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Adjective

Examples (linguistics)
English mother is cognate with Greek μητέρα (mitéra), German Mutter, Russian мать (matʹ) and Persian مادر (madar). English queen is cognate with quean, both of which are cognate with Russian жена́ (žená), Icelandic kona and Irish bean

cognate (not comparable)

1. Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically (law) related on the mother's side.

   Synonyms: akin, same-blooded; see also Thesaurus:consanguine

2. Of the same or a similar nature; of the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root.

   Synonyms: allied, kindred, connate; see also Thesaurus:akin

3. (linguistics) Descended from the same source lexeme of an ancestor language.

Usage notes

“Cognate to” is much less common than “cognate with” and not even mentioned in most dictionaries.

Derived terms

• cognateness

Translations

kindred by birth

• Bulgarian: родствен (bg) (rodstven)
• Dutch: bloedverwant (nl)
• German: kognat, blutverwandt
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: congiunto (it)
• Polish: pokrewny (pl)

descended from the same attested source lexeme of an ancestor language

• Armenian: ազգակից (hy) (azgakicʻ)
• Bulgarian: родствен (bg) (rodstven), сроден (bg) (sroden)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 同源 (zh) (tóngyuán)

• Dutch: verwant (nl), wortelverwant
• Finnish: sukua (fi) (partitive of noun)
• French: apparenté (fr)
• German: verwandt (de), etymologisch verwandt, stammverwandt, urverwandt (de), wurzelverwandt (de)
• Greek: συγγενής (el) m or f (syngenís)
• Hungarian: rokon (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Icelandic: samstofna, skyldur
• Italian: affine (it), imparentato (it)
• Malay: kognat, serumpun
• Manx: cocheintagh
• Portuguese: cognato (pt)
• Romanian: înrudit (ro) m
• Russian: ро́дственный (ru) (ródstvennyj), однокоренно́й (ru) (odnokorennój)
• Spanish: afín (es), emparentado (es)
• Turkish: kökteş (tr)

Noun

cognate (plural cognates)

1. One of a number of things allied in origin or nature.
2. (law, dated) One who is related to another on the female side.
3. (law, dated) One who is related to another, both having descended from a common ancestor through legal marriages.
4. (linguistics) A word either descended from the same base word of the same ancestor language as the given word, or strongly believed to be a regular reflex of the same reconstructed root of proto-language as the given word.

Derived terms

• false cognate
• cognacy

Translations

word derived from the same roots as a given word

• Afrikaans: kognaat
• Asturian: cognáu m
• Catalan: cognat (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 同源詞／同源词 (zh) (tóngyuáncí), 同源词 (zh) (tóngyuáncí)

• Dutch: cognaat (nl) c
• Esperanto: kognato (eo)
• Finnish: sukulaissana (fi)
• French: cognat (fr) m, mot apparenté m
• Galician: cognado m
• German: Verwandte (de) f, Kognat (de) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Hungarian: rokon szó, közös eredetű szó, közös tőből származó szó
• Icelandic: samstofna orð (is)
• Indonesian: kata kerabat
• Japanese: 同根語 (どうこんご, dōkongo)
• Khmer: បរិវារសព្ទ (bɑɑreʔvaasap)
• Malay: kognat, kata serumpun
• Polish: pokrewny / spokrewniony wyraz n
• Portuguese: cognato (pt) m
• Romanian: cuvânt înrudit n
• Russian: однокоренно́е сло́во n (odnokorennóje slóvo), когна́т (ru) m (kognát)
• Spanish: cognado (es) m

See also

• derivation
• etymology
• etymon
• root
• false friend
• agnate

Further reading

• cognate on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• cognate (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Template:projectlink

Anagrams

• coagent

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Italian

Noun

cognate f

1. plural of cognata

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Latin

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) cognāte

1. vocative masculine singular of cognātus