crescent

English

a crescent shape

a crescent (street)

Alternative forms

• (curved street): cres. (abbreviation)

Etymology

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman cressaunt, from Old French creissant (“crescent of the moon”) (French croissant), from Latin crēscēns, present active participle of crēscō (“arise, thrive”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow”). See Old Armenian սերիմ (serim, “be born”) and սերեմ (serem, “bring forth”), Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē, “girl”) and κούρος (koúros, “boy”), Latin creare (“produce, create, bring forth”) and Ceres (“goddess of agriculture”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈkɹɛz.n̩t/, /ˈkɹɛs.n̩t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈkɹɛs.n̩t/
• Rhymes: -ɛsənt, -ɛzənt

Noun

crescent (plural crescents)

1. The figure of the moon as it appears in its first or last quarter, with concave and convex edges terminating in points.
2. Something shaped like a crescent, especially:
   1. A curved pastry.
   2. A curved street, often presenting a continuous façade, as of row houses.
3. (Islam) A representation of the symbol used by Islamic caliphates (Can we add an example for this sense?)
4. (New Zealand) A crescent spanner.
5. (historical) Any of three orders of knighthood conferred upon foreigners to whom Turkey might be indebted for valuable services.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Brande & C to this entry?)

6. (heraldry) The emblem of the waxing Moon with horns directed upward, when used in a coat of arms; often used as a mark of cadency to distinguish a second son and his descendants.
7. A crescentspot butterfly.

Derived terms

• Crescent City
• crescent roll
• Fertile Crescent

Translations

figure of the moon

• Arabic: هِلَال‎ m (hilāl)
• Armenian: մահիկ (hy) (mahik)
• Azerbaijani: aypara, hilal
• Belarusian: паўме́сяц m (paŭmjésjac)
• Bulgarian: полуме́сец m (polumésec)
• Catalan: mitja lluna f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 新月 (zh) (xīnyuè), 月牙 (zh) (yuèyá)

• Czech: půlměsíc (cs) m
• Danish: halvmåne c
• Dutch: maansikkel (nl), wassenaar m
• Estonian: kuusirp
• Finnish: sirppi (fi), kuunsirppi (fi)
• French: croissant (fr)
• Galician: crecente (gl)
• Georgian: ნახევარმთვარე (naxevarmtvare)
• German: Mondsichel (de) m
• Greek: ημισέληνος (el) f (imisélinos)

  Ancient: μηνίσκος m (mēnískos)

• Hebrew: סַהַר‎ (he) m (sáhar), חֲצִי סַהַר‎ m (khatsí sáhar)
• Hindi: अर्धचंद्र m (ardhacandra)
• Hungarian: félhold (hu)
• Italian: crescente (it), falce (it) f
• Japanese: 三日月 (ja) (みかづき, mikazuki)
• Kazakh: жарты ай (jartı ay)
• Korean: 초승달 (choseungdal)
• Latin: semiluna f

• Latvian: pusmēness m
• Lithuanian: pusmėnulis m
• Macedonian: полумесечина f (polumesečina)
• Malay: bulan sabit
• Navajo: dah yiitʼą́
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: halvmåne m

• Persian: هلال‎ (fa) (helâl)
• Polish: półksiężyc (pl) m
• Portuguese: crescente (pt) f
• Romanian: semilună (ro) f
• Russian: полуме́сяц (ru) m (polumésjac)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: по̏лумесе̄ц m, по̏лумјесе̄ц m

  Roman: pȍlumesēc m, pȍlumjesēc (sh) m

• Slovak: polmesiac m
• Slovene: polmesec m
• Spanish: medialuna (es) f, creciente (es) m
• Swedish: halvmåne (sv) c, månskära (sv) c
• Tagalog: gasuklay
• Tajik: ҳилол (hilol)
• Turkish: hilal (tr)
• Ukrainian: півмі́сяць m (pivmísjacʹ)
• Urdu: ہلال‎ (hilāl)
• Uzbek: yarim oy, hilol (uz)
• Welsh: cilgant m

curved pastry

• Danish: horn (da) n
• Dutch: croissant (nl), sikkelvormige rij huizen
• Finnish: voisarvi (fi), croissant (fi)
• French: croissant (fr)
• German: Hörnchen (de) n, Croissant (de) n, (Unterfranken, Bavaria, Austria) Kipfel (de) n, (Unterfranken, Bavaria, Austria) Kipfl (de) n
• Hungarian: kifli (hu), croissant (hu)
• Italian: cornetto (it) m
• Japanese: クロワッサン (ja) (kurowassan)
• Korean: 크루아상 (ko) (keuruasang)

• Macedonian: кифла f (kifla)
• Polish: rogal (pl) m
• Portuguese: croissant (pt) m
• Russian: рога́лик (ru) m (rogálik)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic:

  Roman: ròščić (sh) m, kíflica (sh) f

• Spanish: medialuna (es) f (Latin America)

Adjective

crescent (not comparable)

1. (dated, rare) marked by an increase; waxing, like the Moon.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Tennyson

     O, I see the crescent promise of my spirit hath not set.

   • 1928, Edward A. Ross, World Drift, New York; London: The Century Co., page v:

     crescent problems which have to be faced by a large part of humanity

2. Shaped like a crescent.
   • (Can we date this quote?) John Milton

     Astarte, queen of heaven, with crescent horns.

Translations

marked by an increase

• Bulgarian: нарастващ (bg) (narastvašt)
• Czech: vzrůstající
• Finnish: kasvava (fi)
• Greek: δρεπανοειδής (el) m (drepanoeidís), μηνοειδής (el) m (minoeidís)

• Italian: crescente (it)
• Portuguese: crescente (pt)
• Russian: нараста́ющий (ru) (narastájuščij), расту́щий (ru) (rastúščij)
• Tagalog: gasuklay

shaped like a crescent

• Finnish: sirpinmuotoinen

• Russian: серпови́дный (ru) (serpovídnyj)

Verb

crescent (third-person singular simple present crescents, present participle crescenting, simple past and past participle crescented)

1. (transitive) To form into a crescent, or something resembling a crescent.
   • 1809, Anna Seward, “Letter VI. 195”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     A dark wood crescents more than half the lawn

2. (transitive) To adorn with crescents.

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for crescent in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)

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Latin

Verb

crēscent

1. third-person plural future active indicative of crēscō