enthalten

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German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ʔɛntˈhal.tn̩], [ʔɛntˈhal.tən]
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

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From Middle High German enthalten, equivalent to ent- +‎ halten. Influenced by innehalten, einhalten (literally to hold inside). This is clearest in the sense “to contain”, compare Inhalt (contents); but it is possible even in the sense “to abstain”, compare mit etwas einhalten (to stop), sich einhalten (to restrain oneself). Cognate with Dutch onthouden (to remember, withhold) and inhouden (to contain), Middle Low German enthōlden, inhōlden.

Verb

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enthalten (class 7 strong, third-person singular present enthält, past tense enthielt, past participle enthalten, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to contain, comprise, include
    Diese Gerichte enthalten wenig Fett.
    These dishes contain little fat.
    • 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 14:
      Es war aber auch eine Gegend, über die sich viel lernen ließ, und weltbekannte Orte enthielt sie, bei deren Nennung man stolz oder traurig werden konnte, je nachdem.
      But it was really a region that one could learn a lot about, and it contained world-famous places, at the mention of which one could become proud or sad, as the case may be.
  2. (reflexive, higher register) to abstain from (not to do, not to use) [with genitive ‘something’]
    Er schwor, sich aller fleischlichen Gelüste zu enthalten.
    He swore to abstain from all carnal desires.
  3. (reflexive) to abstain (vote neither in favour nor against)
    Ich enthalte mich.I abstain.
Conjugation
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Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

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enthalten

  1. past participle of enthalten

Adjective

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enthalten (strong nominative masculine singular enthaltener, not comparable)

  1. contained, included, covered
Declension
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Further reading

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  • enthalten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • enthalten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • enthalten” in Duden online
  • enthalten” in OpenThesaurus.de