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fluo

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: fluo-

Esperanto

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Etymology

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    From flui +‎ -o.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈfluo/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -uo
    • Syllabification: flu‧o

    Noun

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    fluo (accusative singular fluon, plural fluoj, accusative plural fluojn)

    1. current, stream
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    French

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    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    fluo (plural fluos)

    1. apocopic form of fluorescent
    2. following names of colors: neon
      jaune fluo ― neon yellow

    Noun

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    fluo m (plural fluos)

    1. highlighter
      Synonym: surligneur

    Ido

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    Etymology

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    From Esperanto fluo.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    fluo (plural flui)

    1. current

    Derived terms

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    Italian

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈflu.o/
    • Rhymes: -uo
    • Hyphenation: flù‧o

    Adjective

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    fluo (invariable)

    1. (slang) fluorescent

    Anagrams

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    Latin

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    Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-der.
    Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-der.
    Proto-Indo-European *bʰluH-yé-ti?
    Latin fluō

      Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH- (“to overflow”), possibly an extension of *bʰleh₁- (“to swell, blow”). The Latin form may have developed from earlier *flowō via vowel reduction (which was regular only in non-initial syllables, but may have been introduced to the simple verb by analogy with its compounds) from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleuH-(e/o).[1] Alternatively, it may go back to Proto-Italic *flūō, from earlier *flūjō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰluH-yé-ti.[2] Cognate with Ancient Greek φλέω (phléō, “to abound”), φλύω (phlúō, “to boil over”). Unrelated to English flow, despite phonological and semantic similarity.

      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      fluō (present infinitive fluere, perfect active flūxī, supine flūxum or flūctum); third conjugation, no passive

      1. to flow, stream, pour
        Synonyms: fluitō, affluō, cōnfluō, īnfluō, praefluō, dēfluō, mānō
        • 45 BCE, Cicero, De divinatione 1.93:
          cum fluvius Atratus sanguine fluxit
          When the river Atratus flowed with blood
        • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 8.445:
          Fluit aes rīvīs aurīque metallum, vulnificusque chalybs vastā fornāce liquēscit.
          Bronze and golden ore flowed in streams, and steel, that deals wounds, melted in a vast furnace.
      2. to proceed, spring, go forth
        • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, De Senectute 10.31:
          Etenim, ut ait Homerus, ‘ex eius lingua melle dulcior fluebat oratio’
          For, as Homer says, ‘a speech sweeter than honey was flowing from his tongue’
        • c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilianus, The Orator's Education 9.4.18:[3]
          In Herodoto vero cum omnia, ut ego quidem sentio, leniter fluunt
          • 2002 translation by Donald A. Russell
            In Herodotus, however, not only does everything (or so I think) flow smoothly
        1. to spread
      3. to vanish, disappear, wilt
        • Velleius Paterculus, History 2.16:[5]
          Pompeio Sullaque et Mario fluentem procumbentemque rem publicam Romanam restituentibus
          • 2025 translation by A. J. Woodman
            as Pompeius, Sulla and Marius restored the health of the wilting and prostrate Roman commonwealth
      4. to move in a lax, unrestrained, loose manner
        • 2 CE, Ovidius, Ars Amatoria 3.301-302:[6]
          Haec movet arte latus, tunicisque fluentibus auras Accipit
          • 1929 translation by J. H. Mozley
            This woman sways her side with skill, and welcomes the breeze with flowing robe
        1. to be weak, enervated, effeminate, debauched, spineless
          • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 7.29:[7]
            Campani magis nomen ad praesidium sociorum quam vires cum attulissent, fluentes luxu ab duratis usu armorum, in Sidicino pulsi agro in se deinde molem omnem belli verterunt
            • 1924 translation by B. O. Foster
              The Campanians had brought reputation rather than real strength to the defence of their allies; enervated by luxury, they had encountered a people made hardy by the use of arms, and being defeated in the territory of the Sidicini, had then drawn down the full force of the war upon themselves.
          • c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilianus, The Orator's Education 1.2.8:
            inde soluti ac fluentes non accipiunt ex scholis mala ista, sed in scholas adferunt.
            The dissolute and debauched do not take these vices from the schools, but bring them there

      Conjugation

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         Conjugation of fluō (third conjugation, no passive)
      indicative singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present fluō fluis fluit fluimus fluitis fluunt
      imperfect fluēbam fluēbās fluēbat fluēbāmus fluēbātis fluēbant
      future fluam fluēs fluet fluēmus fluētis fluent
      perfect flū̆xī flū̆xistī flū̆xit flū̆ximus flū̆xistis flū̆xērunt,
      flū̆xēre
      pluperfect flū̆xeram flū̆xerās flū̆xerat flū̆xerāmus flū̆xerātis flū̆xerant
      future perfect flū̆xerō flū̆xeris flū̆xerit flū̆xerimus flū̆xeritis flū̆xerint
      subjunctive singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present fluam fluās fluat fluāmus fluātis fluant
      imperfect fluerem fluerēs flueret fluerēmus fluerētis fluerent
      perfect flū̆xerim flū̆xerīs flū̆xerit flū̆xerīmus flū̆xerītis flū̆xerint
      pluperfect flū̆xissem flū̆xissēs flū̆xisset flū̆xissēmus flū̆xissētis flū̆xissent
      imperative singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present — flue — — fluite —
      future — fluitō fluitō — fluitōte fluuntō
      non-finite forms infinitive participle
      active passive active passive
      present fluere — fluēns —
      future flū̆xūrum esse,
      flū̆ctūrum esse       		— flū̆xūrus,
      flū̆ctūrus       		—
      perfect flū̆xisse — — —
      perfect potential flū̆xūrum fuisse,
      flū̆ctūrum fuisse       		— — —
      verbal nouns gerund supine
      genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
      fluendī fluendō fluendum fluendō flū̆xum,
      flū̆ctum       		flū̆xū,
      flū̆ctū

      Derived terms

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      Descendants

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      (Note: this verb has no inherited descendants.)

      • → Catalan: fluir
      • → Esperanto: flui
      • → English: fluid, flux
      • → French: fluer
      • → Ido: fluar
      • → Italian: fluire
      • → Portuguese: fluir
      • → Spanish: fluir

      References

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      1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fluō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 228
      2. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 535
      3. ^ Russell, Donald A. (2002), The Orator’s Education, Volume IV (Loeb Classical Library)‎[1], Harvard University Press, →ISBN
      4. ^ King, J. E. (1927), Tusculan Disputations (Loeb Classical Library)‎[2], Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 329
      5. ^ Woodman, A. J. (11 February 2025), Velleius Paterculus (Loeb Classical Library), Harvard University Press, →ISBN
      6. ^ Mozley, J. H. (1929), The Art of Love and Other Poems (Loeb Classical Library)‎[3], Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 139
      7. ^ Foster, B. O. (1924), History of Rome, Volume III (Loeb Classical Library), Harvard University Press, →ISBN

      Further reading

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      • “fluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      • “fluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • “fluo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
      • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
        • far and wide; on all sides; everywhere: longe lateque, passim (e.g. fluere)
        • these things have the same origin: haec ex eodem fonte fluunt, manant
        • Pythagoras' principles were widely propagated: Pythagorae doctrina longe lateque fluxit (Tusc. 4. 1. 2)
        • things seem tending towards an interregnum: res fluit ad interregnum
      • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

      Portuguese

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      Verb

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      fluo

      1. first-person singular present indicative of fluir
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