gust

See also: Gust and gušt

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʌst/
• Rhymes: -ʌst

Etymology 1

Apparently from an unrecorded Middle English *gust, from Old Norse gustr (“a gust, blast”), from Proto-Germanic *gustiz. Related to Old Norse gusa (“to gush forth”), Old High German gussa (“flood”), Middle English guschen (> English gush). The English word was not recorded before Shakespeare.

Noun

gust (plural gusts)

1. A strong, abrupt rush of wind.

   Synonym: windflaw

2. (by extension) Any rush or outburst (of water, emotion, etc.).
   • (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)
   • 1869 May, Anthony Trollope, “Hard Words”, in He Knew He Was Right, volume I, London: Strahan and Company, […], →OCLC, page 73:

     The author is not speaking now of actual love-makings, of intrigues and devilish villany, either perpetrated or imagined; but rather of those passing gusts of short-lived and unfounded suspicion to which, as to other accidents, very well-regulated families may occasionally be liable.

Translations

strong, abrupt rush of wind

• Bulgarian: порив (bg) m (poriv)
• Catalan: ratxe
• Czech: poryv (cs) m
• Finnish: puuska (fi)
• French: souffle (fr) m, coup de vent (fr) m, bourrasque (fr) f, rafale (fr) f
• German: Bö (de) f
• Greek:

  Ancient: καταιγίς f (kataigís)

• Greenlandic: anoraarsuaq
• Hebrew: מַשָּב (he) m (masháv)
• Hungarian: széllökés (hu)
• Icelandic: gustur (is) m, vindhviða (is) f
• Italian: folata (it) f, ventata (it) f, raffica (it) f, turbinio (it) m
• Latin: flabrum m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Maori: pōpōhau, pūrekereke, pararā, apu
• Norman: rafale f
• North Frisian: flååge
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: vindkast n

  Nynorsk: vindkast n

• Polish: poryw (pl) m
• Portuguese: ventania (pt) f, rabanada f, rajada (pt) f, lufada (pt) f, lufa (pt) f, pé de vento (pt) m
• Russian: поры́в (ru) m (porýv)
• Scottish Gaelic: plathadh m
• Spanish: ráfaga (es) f, racha (es) f
• Swedish: by (sv) c
• Walloon: houfêye (wa) f, såte di vint (wa) f

any rush or outburst

• Bulgarian: пристъп (bg) m (pristǎp)
• Finnish: ryöppy (fi)
• Italian: folata (it) f, tùrbine m, turbinio (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Polish: zryw m
• Russian: поры́в (ru) m (porýv), взрыв (ru) m (vzryv)
• Spanish: ramalazo

Verb

gust (third-person singular simple present gusts, present participle gusting, simple past and past participle gusted)

1. (intransitive, transitive) To blow in gusts.
   • 2019 April 25, Samanth Subramanian, “Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in The Guardian‎^[1]:

     Do the dryers disperse bacteria and viruses through the restroom, like autumn breezes gusting leaves across a lawn?

Translations

to blow in gusts

• Finnish: tuulla puuskittaisesti
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: turbinare (it)

Etymology 2

From Middle English gust, guste, from Latin gustus (“taste”) and Old French gust, goust.

Noun

gust (uncountable)

1. (archaic) The physiological faculty of taste.
2. Relish, enjoyment, appreciation.
   • (Can we date this quote by Jeremy Taylor and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     An ox will relish the tender flesh of kids with as much gust and appetite.

   • (Can we date this quote by Alexander Pope and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     Destroy all creatures for thy sport or gust.

   • 1942: ‘Yes, indeed,’ said Sava with solemn gust. — Rebecca West, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon (Canongate 2006, p. 1050)
3. Intellectual taste; fancy.
   • (Can we date this quote by Dryden and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     A choice of it may be made according to the gust and manner of the ancients.

Etymology 3

From Middle English gusten (“to taste, have a taste for”), from the noun (see above)).

Verb

gust (third-person singular simple present gusts, present participle gusting, simple past and past participle gusted)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To taste.
2. (obsolete, transitive) To have a relish for.

Related terms

• disgust

Anagrams

• GUTs, guts, tugs

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Catalan

Etymology

From Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus. First attested in the 14th century,, it was possibly a semi-learned word or early borrowing; compare the sound changes in the inherited Occitan gost, Portuguese gosto, and French goût.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [ˈɡust]

Noun

gust m (plural gusts or gustos)

1. taste (clarification of this definition is needed)

Derived terms

• disgust
• gustós
• molt de gust
• regust

 

Related terms

• gustar

Further reading

• “gust” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “gust” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “gust” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Friulian

Etymology

From Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus. Possibly a borrowing or semi-learned term.

Noun

gust m (plural gusts)

1. relish, zest, enjoyment
2. taste

Synonyms

• (taste): savôr

Derived terms

• gustôs

Related terms

• gustâ

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Icelandic

Noun

1. indefinite accusative singular of gustur

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Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gustus, ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡust/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

gust m inan (diminutive guścik)

1. taste, personal preference

Declension

Declension of gust

	singular	plural
nominative	gust	gusty
genitive	gustu	gustów
dative	gustowi	gustom
accusative	gust	gusty
instrumental	gustem	gustami
locative	guście	gustach
vocative	guście	gusty

Derived terms

• gustować
• gustowny

Further reading

• Template:R:PWN

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡust/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus.

Noun

gust n (plural gusturi)

1. taste

Declension

Declension of gust

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) gust	gustul	(niște) gusturi	gusturile
genitive/dative	(unui) gust	gustului	(unor) gusturi	gusturilor
vocative	gustule		gusturilor

Derived terms

• gustos

Related terms

• gusta
• gustare

See also

• savoare

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin (mensis) augustus (through Vulgar Latin *agustus). Compare also Albanian gusht (“August”).

Alternative forms

• agust

Noun

gust m (uncountable)

1. (popular/folk usage, rare) August

Synonyms

• august (standard/most common)
• gustar (popular/folk name)
• măsălar (popular/folk name)

Derived terms

• gustar

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gǫstъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡûːst/

Adjective

gȗst (Cyrillic spelling гу̑ст, definite gȗstī, comparative gȕšćī)

1. dense

Declension

positive indefinite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		gust	gusta	gusto
genitive		gusta	guste	gusta
dative		gustu	gustoj	gustu
accusative	inanimate animate	gust gusta	gustu	gusto
vocative		gust	gusta	gusto
locative		gustu	gustoj	gustu
instrumental		gustim	gustom	gustim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		gusti	guste	gusta
genitive		gustih	gustih	gustih
dative		gustim(a)	gustim(a)	gustim(a)
accusative		guste	guste	gusta
vocative		gusti	guste	gusta
locative		gustim(a)	gustim(a)	gustim(a)
instrumental		gustim(a)	gustim(a)	gustim(a)

positive definite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		gusti	gusta	gusto
genitive		gustog(a)	guste	gustog(a)
dative		gustom(u/e)	gustoj	gustom(u/e)
accusative	inanimate animate	gusti gustog(a)	gustu	gusto
vocative		gusti	gusta	gusto
locative		gustom(e/u)	gustoj	gustom(e/u)
instrumental		gustim	gustom	gustim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		gusti	guste	gusta
genitive		gustih	gustih	gustih
dative		gustim(a)	gustim(a)	gustim(a)
accusative		guste	guste	gusta
vocative		gusti	guste	gusta
locative		gustim(a)	gustim(a)	gustim(a)
instrumental		gustim(a)	gustim(a)	gustim(a)

comparative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		gušći	gušća	gušće
genitive		gušćeg(a)	gušće	gušćeg(a)
dative		gušćem(u)	gušćoj	gušćem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	gušći gušćeg(a)	gušću	gušće
vocative		gušći	gušća	gušće
locative		gušćem(u)	gušćoj	gušćem(u)
instrumental		gušćim	gušćom	gušćim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		gušći	gušće	gušća
genitive		gušćih	gušćih	gušćih
dative		gušćim(a)	gušćim(a)	gušćim(a)
accusative		gušće	gušće	gušća
vocative		gušći	gušće	gušća
locative		gušćim(a)	gušćim(a)	gušćim(a)
instrumental		gušćim(a)	gušćim(a)	gušćim(a)

superlative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najgušći	najgušća	najgušće
genitive		najgušćeg(a)	najgušće	najgušćeg(a)
dative		najgušćem(u)	najgušćoj	najgušćem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	najgušći najgušćeg(a)	najgušću	najgušće
vocative		najgušći	najgušća	najgušće
locative		najgušćem(u)	najgušćoj	najgušćem(u)
instrumental		najgušćim	najgušćom	najgušćim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najgušći	najgušće	najgušća
genitive		najgušćih	najgušćih	najgušćih
dative		najgušćim(a)	najgušćim(a)	najgušćim(a)
accusative		najgušće	najgušće	najgušća
vocative		najgušći	najgušće	najgušća
locative		najgušćim(a)	najgušćim(a)	najgušćim(a)
instrumental		najgušćim(a)	najgušćim(a)	najgušćim(a)

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Westrobothnian

Noun

1. horror, horrible feeling upon witnessing something