hitherto

English

Etymology

From Middle English hiderto, corresponding to hither +‎ to.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈhɪðəˌtuː/, /ˌhɪðəˈtuː/, [ˈhɪðəˌtʰuː], [ˌhɪðəˈtʰuː]
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈhɪðɚˌtu/, /ˌhɪðɚˈtu/, [ˈhɪðɚˌtʰu], [ˌhɪðɚˈtʰu]

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Adverb

hitherto (not comparable)

1. (formal, also law) Up to this or that time or point.
   • 1830, Anna Maria Porter, The Barony, volume 3, page 460:

     The exhaustless conjecturings of that evening's full conversation, made such of the small party, as had hitherto been strangers, well acquainted with each other's turn of mind […]

   • 2014, James Lambert, “Diachronic stability in Indian English lexis”, in World Englishes, page 124:

     The results of this study argue for a greater endonormativity in Indian English than has hitherto been recognised.

   • 2021 October 20, Paul Stephen, “Leisure and pleasure on the Far North Line”, in RAIL, number 942, page 49:

     North of Tain [...], the line reaches the southern shore of Dornoch Firth. Here, the railway and the A9 trunk road, which have hitherto run close together, diverge.

   Synonyms: up to now, heretofore; see also Thesaurus:hitherto

   Antonyms: from now on, henceforth; see also Thesaurus:henceforth

Related terms

• thitherto
• whitherto

Translations

up to this time

• Arabic: حَتَّى الْآن‎ (ḥattā l-ʾān)
• Bulgarian: досега́ (bg) (dosegá)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 到目前為止 (zh), 到目前为止 (zh) (dào mùqián wéizhǐ), 迄今 (zh) (qìjīn), 迄今為止 (zh), 迄今为止 (zh) (qìjīn wéizhǐ), 至今 (zh) (zhìjīn)

• Czech: doposud (cs), až dosud
• Danish: hidtil
• Dutch: tot dan toe, tot hiertoe, tot dusver, tot nu toe, tot dusverre
• Faroese: higartil
• Finnish: tähän mennessä, siihen mennessä, sitä ennen, aiemmin (fi)
• French: jusqu'ici (fr), jusqu'alors (fr), jusqu'à maintenant, jusqu'à présent (fr)
• Georgian: აქამდე (akamde), აქამომდე (akamomde), დღემდე (dɣemde), უწინ (uc̣in), ამ დრომდე (am dromde)
• German: bis zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt, bis jetzt, bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt, bisher (de), bislang (de), bis dato, bis dahin, zuvor (de)
• Hebrew: עד כה‎
• Hungarian: eddig (hu), addig (hu)
• Indonesian: sampai saat ini, hingga kini, sampai sekarang
• Italian: fin qui, fino a qui, fino ad ora, fino allora, finora (it)
• Japanese: 今まで (いままで, imamade), これまで (koremade), これまでのところ (koremade no tokoro)

• Korean: 여태 (ko) (yeotae)
• Latin: adhūc (la), hactenus (la), hucusque, illatenus, aliquando (la)
• Macedonian: досега (dosega)
• Norwegian: hittil (no)
• Occitan: fins ara, fins a aquel moment
• Persian: تاکنون‎ (fa) (tâ-konun)
• Polish: dotychczas (pl), dotąd (pl)
• Portuguese: até agora, até então
• Romanian: până acum, până în acest moment
• Russian: пока́ что (ru) (poká što), до сих по́р (ru) (do six pór), пока́ (ru) (poká), на да́нный моме́нт (na dánnyj momént), на настоя́щий моме́нт (na nastojáščij momént), пре́жде (ru) (préžde), (obsolete) доны́не (ru) (donýne), (archaic) подне́сь (ru) (podnésʹ)
• Scottish Gaelic: thuige seo
• Serbo-Croatian: dòsad (sh), dòsada (sh), dòtad (sh), dòtada
• Slovene: do zdaj
• Spanish: hasta ahora, hasta aquí, hasta este momento, en ese entonces
• Swedish: hittills (sv), dittills (sv), hitintills (sv)
• Telugu: ఇప్పటివరకు (ippaṭivaraku), అప్పటివరకు (appaṭivaraku)
• Turkish: -e kadar, o ana kadar
• Welsh: hyd yn hyn

References

• “hitherto”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.