hof
English
Etymology 1
Noun
hof (plural hofs)
- Enclosure, court, dwelling, building, house.
- 1993 May, William, Trevor, Jake's Castle, in Harper's Magazine:
- Ulrike lived in a farm hof, and all around me were the dark blank fields punctuated by a few disparate lights.
- 2009, Chloe Aridjis, Book of Clouds (New York: Black Cat, 1st edition):
- Like many old houses, this one had a front section, where I lived, and at the back an interior courtyard, the Hof, enclosed on all three sides by more apartments.
- 1993 May, William, Trevor, Jake's Castle, in Harper's Magazine:
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Old Norse hóf, reinforced in modern (post-1990, chiefly neopagan) use by Icelandic hof (“shrine, temple”).
Pronunciation
Noun
hof (plural hofs)
- (Neopaganism) temple, sanctuary, hall.
- 1996, Varg Vikernes, cited after Gardell, Gods of the Blood, 2003, p. 307.
- For each ten churches burned to ashes, one heathen hof is avenged.
- 2005, Michael Strmiska, Modern Paganism In World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives, p. 170.
- Asatruarfelagid lacks a central religious temple, or hof in Icelandic. Constructing a hof has been high on the members' wish list for many years.
- 1996, Varg Vikernes, cited after Gardell, Gods of the Blood, 2003, p. 307.
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Korean 호프 (hopeu), in turn from German Hofbräuhaus. In English, the spelling has been re-aligned with the Korean term's etymon.
Noun
hof (plural hofs)
- A Korean-style bar or pub.
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Anagrams
Cimbrian
Noun
hof m
References
- Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch hof, from Old Dutch *hof, from Proto-Germanic *hufą.
Pronunciation
Noun
hof n (plural hoven, diminutive hofje n)
- (royal) court
- court of law; short form of gerechtshof
- court, yard
- (East and West Flanders) garden
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Papiamentu: hòfi
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse hof, from Proto-Germanic *hufą.
Pronunciation
Noun
hof n (genitive singular hofs, nominative plural hof)
Declension
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch *hof, from Proto-Germanic *hufą.
Pronunciation
Noun
hof n or m
Inflection
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “hof”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “hof (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *hufą.
Pronunciation
Noun
hof n (nominative plural hofu)
Declension
See also
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *hōfaz.
Pronunciation
Noun
hōf m
- a hoof
Declension
Descendants
- English: hoof
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *hufą (“hill, house, temple”).
Pronunciation
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Noun
hof n (genitive hofs, plural hof)
- shrine, typically in a home of a farm
- a hall, court
- Hymiskviða, verse 33, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 48:
- […] út or óru / ölkjól hofi. […]
- […] forth from our house / the cauldron here. […]
- Hymiskviða, verse 33, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 48:
- a royal court
Usage notes
Old Norse makes the distinction between hof "a hall, a sanctuary with a roof" and hǫrgr "an altar, any cult site without a roof". The prevalent meaning of hof in Old Norse literature is "temple, sanctuary". Cleasby and Vigfússon (1874) note the generic meaning "a hall (as in German and Saxon)" in Hymiskviða 33 as a hapax legomenon. The meaning of "court" follows Middle High German and appears only from the 14th century and almost exclusively in compounds such as hof-ferð "pride, pomp", hof-garðr "lordly mansion", hof-fólk "courtiers".
Declension
Derived terms
- blóthof (“heathen temple”)
- hofferð (“pride, pomp”)
- hofferðugr (“proud”)
- hoffólk (“courtiers”)
- hoffrakt (“pomp”)
- hofgarðr (“lordly mansion”)
- hofgoði (“temple-priest”)
- hofgrið (“asylum in a sanctuary”)
- hofgyðja (“priestess”)
- hofhelgr (“temple-feast”)
- hoflist (“pomp”)
- hoflýðr (“courtiers”)
- hofmaðr (“courtier”)
- hofmóðugr (“haughty”)
- hofprestr (“temple-priest”)
- hofsdyrr (“temple-doors”)
- hofseiðr (“temple-oath”)
- hofsgoði (“temple-priest”)
- hofshelgi (“sanctity of a temple”)
- hofshurð (“temple-door”)
- hofshǫfðingi (“temple-lord”)
- hofsmold (“temple mold, holy mold”)
- hofstaðr (“sanctuary”)
- hofsteigr (“strip of temple-land”)
- hoftollr (“temple-toll, rate”)
- hoftyft (“urbanity”)
- hofvaerk (“great feat”)
- hofþénari (“court servant”)
Descendants
References
- “hof”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- hof in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
- hof in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Old Saxon
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *hufą.
Noun
hof n
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *hōfaz.
Noun
hōf m
- a hoof
Swedish
Noun
hof n
Declension
Declension of hof | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | hof | hofvet | hof | hofven |
Genitive | hofs | hofvets | hofs | hofvens |
Declension of hof 2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | hof | hofven | hofvar | hofvarna |
Genitive | hofs | hofvens | hofvars | hofvarnas |
- English terms borrowed from German
- English terms derived from German
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms borrowed from Old Norse
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms borrowed from Korean
- English terms derived from Korean
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian nouns
- Cimbrian masculine nouns
- cim:Horticulture
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔf
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch nouns with lengthened vowel in the plural
- Dutch neuter nouns
- East and West Flemish Dutch
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔːv
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic neuter nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch nouns
- Middle Dutch neuter nouns
- Middle Dutch masculine nouns
- Middle Dutch nouns with multiple genders
- Middle Dutch strong nouns
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English neuter nouns
- Old English neuter a-stem nouns
- Old English masculine nouns
- Old English masculine a-stem nouns
- ang:Anatomy
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse nouns
- Old Norse neuter nouns
- Old Norse neuter a-stem nouns
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon nouns
- Old Saxon neuter nouns
- Old Saxon masculine nouns
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- Swedish obsolete forms