kém
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "kem"
Hungarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Of unknown origin.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kém (plural kémek)
- (rare, poetic, archaic, now only in derivations and some compounds) spotter, watcher, scout (a person who [secretly] watches someone or ferrets something out) [1372—19th century]
- spy [from 1527]
- Synonym: spion
Declension[edit]
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kém | kémek |
| accusative | kémet | kémeket |
| dative | kémnek | kémeknek |
| instrumental | kémmel | kémekkel |
| causal-final | kémért | kémekért |
| translative | kémmé | kémekké |
| terminative | kémig | kémekig |
| essive-formal | kémként | kémekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | kémben | kémekben |
| superessive | kémen | kémeken |
| adessive | kémnél | kémeknél |
| illative | kémbe | kémekbe |
| sublative | kémre | kémekre |
| allative | kémhez | kémekhez |
| elative | kémből | kémekből |
| delative | kémről | kémekről |
| ablative | kémtől | kémektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
kémé | kémeké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
kéméi | kémekéi |
| Possessive forms of kém | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | kémem | kémeim |
| 2nd person sing. | kémed | kémeid |
| 3rd person sing. | kéme | kémei |
| 1st person plural | kémünk | kémeink |
| 2nd person plural | kémetek | kémeitek |
| 3rd person plural | kémük | kémeik |
Derived terms[edit]
Compound words from the archaic sense ’spotter, scout’
Compound words from the sense ’spy’
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ kém in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading[edit]
- kém in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Vietnamese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Probably non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 減 (SV: giảm).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kɛm˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [kɛm˦˧˥]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [kɛm˦˥]
Audio (Ho Chi Minh City) (file)
Adjective[edit]
kém
Preposition[edit]
kém
- (time) preceding
- ba giờ kém mười ― ten to three o'clock-2:50
See also[edit]
Derived terms
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with unknown etymologies
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/eːm
- Rhymes:Hungarian/eːm/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with rare senses
- Hungarian poetic terms
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese terms with audio links
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese adjectives
- Vietnamese terms with usage examples
- Vietnamese prepositions