kerja

As

Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian kerja.

Verb

kerja

1. to work

References

• Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Icelandic

Noun

kerja

1. indefinite genitive plural of ker

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kerja, from Sanskrit कार्य (kārya). Doublet of karya.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kərˈd͡ʒa]
• (Sumba) IPA^(key): [ˈkerd͡ʒa]
• Hyphenation: kêr‧ja

Noun

kêrja (first-person possessive kerjaku, second-person possessive kerjamu, third-person possessive kerjanya)

1. work:
   1. labour, occupation, job.

      Synonym: pekerjaan

   2. (physics) a measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance.

      Synonym: usaha

   3. (physics, more generally) a measure of energy that is usefully extracted from a process.

      Synonym: usaha

2. action: a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings).

   Synonym: aksi

Verb

kêrja

1. (colloquial) to work

   Synonym: bekerja

Conjugation

Conjugation of kerja (ber-, intransitive)
Root	kerja
	Active	Involuntary	Passive	Imperative	Jussive
Active	bekerja	–	–	kerja	kerjalah
Locative	mengerjai	tekerjai	dikerjai	kerjai	kerjailah
Causative / Applicative1	mengerjakan	tekerjakan	dikerjakan	kerjakan	kerjakanlah
	Causative
Active	–	–	–	–	–
Locative	–	–	–	–	–
Causative / Applicative1	mempekerjakan	teperkerjakan	dipekerjakan	pekerjakan	pekerjakanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

• bekerja
• kerjaan
• kinerja
• mempekerjakan
• mengerjakan
• pekerja
• pekerjaan
• pengerjaan
• prakerja
• sekerja
• sepekerjaan
• tekerjakan

 

• kerja antara
• kerja bakti
• kerja bendang
• kerja bersama
• kerja borongan
• kerja eksternal
• kerja fisik
• kerja internal
• kerja kasar
• kerja ladang
• kerja lapangan
• kerja lembur
• kerja raja
• kerja rodi
• kerja sama
• kerja sama rahasia
• kerja samben
• kerja sambilan
• kerja sampingan
• kerja sawah
• kerja tangan
• kerja tulis

 

• panitia kerja
• satuan kerja
• tenaga kerja

 

Descendants

• → As: kerja

Further reading

• “kerja” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit कार्य (kārya). Doublet of karya.

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): /kə.d͡ʒə/
• (Baku) IPA^(key): /kər.d͡ʒa/

Noun

kerja (Jawi spelling کرجا‎, plural kerja-kerja, informal 1st possessive kerjaku, 2nd possessive kerjamu, 3rd possessive kerjanya)

1. work
2. job; occupation

Verb

kerja (Jawi spelling کرجا‎)

1. to work

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• pekerja (“worker”) [passive / name of profession] (pe-)
• pekerjaan (“occupation”) [passive / name of profession + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (pe- + -an)
• pengerjaan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• kerjaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• mengerjakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• dikerjakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• memperkerjakan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive] (mempeR- + -kan)
• diperkerjakan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive] (dipeR- + -kan)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• bekerja
• kerjasama (“cooperation”)

Descendants

• Indonesian: kerja
  • → As: kerja
• → Minangkabau: karajo

Further reading

• “kerja” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.