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kerja

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

As

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Indonesian kerja.

Verb

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kerja

  1. to work

References

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Icelandic

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Noun

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kerja

  1. indefinite genitive plural of ker

Indonesian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Malay kerja, from Sanskrit कार्य (kārya). Doublet of karya.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /kərˈd͡ʒa/ [kərˈd͡ʒa]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: ker‧ja

Noun

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kêrja (plural kerja-kerja)

  1. work:
    1. labour, occupation, job
      Synonyms: gawai, pekerjaan
    2. (physics) a measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance
      Synonym: usaha
    3. (physics, more generally) a measure of energy that is usefully extracted from a process
      Synonym: usaha
  2. action: a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings)
    Synonyms: aksi, tindakan

Verb

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kêrja

  1. (colloquial) to work
    Synonyms: bekerja, bergawai

Conjugation

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Conjugation of kerja (ber-, intransitive)
root kerja
active passive basic
imperative 		emphatic
jussive
reflective1 ordinary
ordinary
nominative bekerja kerja kerjalah
accusative / dative / locative mengerjai tekerjai dikerjai kerjai kerjailah
perfective causative / applicative2 mengerjakan tekerjakan dikerjakan kerjakan kerjakanlah
causative
nominative
accusative / dative / locative
perfective causative / applicative2 mempekerjakan teperkerjakan dipekerjakan pekerjakan pekerjakanlah

1 There is another form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which is not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
2 The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → As: kerja

Further reading

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Javanese

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Romanization

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kerja

  1. romanization of ꦏꦼꦂꦗ

Malay

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit कार्य (kārya), doublet of karya. Compare Prakrit 𑀓𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kajja) and Bengali কার্য (karjo). Displaced gawai.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kerja (Jawi spelling کرجا, plural kerja-kerja or kerja2)

  1. work; occupation
  2. job; task
    Synonym: tugasan

Verb

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kerja (Jawi spelling کرجا)

  1. to work

Derived terms

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Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • pekerja (“worker”) [passive / name of profession] (pe-)
  • pekerjaan (“occupation”) [passive / name of profession + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (pe- + -an)
  • pengerjaan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
  • kerjaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
  • mengerjakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
  • dikerjakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
  • memperkerjakan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive] (mempeR- + -kan)
  • diperkerjakan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive] (dipeR- + -kan)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

Descendants

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References

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  • Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “کرج kĕrdja”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 80
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “کرج kĕrja”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 511
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “kĕrja”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 441

Further reading

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