malaria

See also: Malaria, malaría, malária, malària, and malarią

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian malaria, formed from mal- (“bad”) and aria (“air”). Displaced native Old English unlyft (literally “bad air”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /məˈlɛə.ɹi.ə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛəɹiə

Noun

malaria (countable and uncountable, plural malarias)

2. (pathology) A disease spread by mosquito, in which a protozoan, Plasmodium, multiplies in blood every few days.

   Synonyms: ague, (archaic) paludism

3. (archaic) Supposed poisonous air arising from marshy districts, once thought to cause fever.

   Synonym: miasma

   • 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 149:

     The doctor had his hands full, as the air was so impregnated with malaria that men who had only landed some twenty-four hours were laid low with this extraordinarily violent type of fever.

Derived terms

• airport malaria
• antimalarial
• falciparum malaria
• knowlesi malaria
• malarial
• malaria mosquito
• vivax malaria

Translations

disease

• Adyghe: техьагъу (teḥağʷu)
• Afrikaans: malaria
• Akan: atiridii
• Arabic: مَلَارِيَا f (malāriyā)
• Armenian: մալարիա (hy) (malaria), դողէրոցք (hy) (doġērocʻkʻ)
• Belarusian: маляры́я f (maljarýja)
• Bulgarian: малария (bg) f (malarija)
• Burmese: ငှက်ဖျား (my) (hngakhpya:)
• Buryat: хумхаа (xumxaa), ᠬᠤᠮᠬᠠᠬ᠋ ᠠ (qumqak-a)
• Catalan: malària (ca) f
• Chamicuro: chukchu
• Cherokee: ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎠᏓᏗᏞᎲᏍᎬ (dalonige adaditlehvsgv)
• Chichewa: malungo
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 瘧疾 / 疟疾 (zh) (nüèji)

• Crimean Tatar: sıtma
• Czech: malárie (cs) f
• Danish: malaria (da)
• Dinka: mayoŋ
• Dutch: malaria (nl)
• Esperanto: malario, marĉofebro
• Ewe: asrã
• Finnish: malaria (fi), horkka (fi)
• French: paludisme (fr) m, malaria (fr) f
• Georgian: მალარია (malaria)
• German: Malaria (de) f
• Greek: ελονοσία (el) f (elonosía)
• Guaraní: akanundu ro'y
• Gujarati: ટાઢિયો તાવ (ṭāḍhiyo tāv)
• Hebrew: מָלַרְיָה (he) f (malárya)
• Hindi: मलेरिया (hi) (maleriyā), सविराम ज्वर (savirām jvar)
• Hungarian: malária (hu)
• Icelandic: malaría (is) f
• Igbo: ịba
• Indonesian: malaria (id)
• Japanese: マラリア (ja) (mararia)
• K'iche': räx tew, ch’aqi’ tew
• Kabiyé: wɩsɩ kʋdɔŋ
• Kalmyk: безг (bezg)
• Kazakh: безгек (bezgek)
• Khmer: ជំងឺគ្រុនចាញ់ (cumŋɨɨ krun caɲ)
• Korean: 말라리아 (ko) (mallaria), 학질(瘧疾) (ko) (hakjil)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: لەرزوتا (lerzuta)

  Northern Kurdish: lerzeta (ku)

• Kyrgyz: безгек (ky) (bezgek)
• Lao: ໄຂ້ຍຸງ (khai nyung), ໄຂ້ປ່າ (khai pā)
• Lithuanian: maliarija f
• Macedonian: маларија f (malarija)
• Malagasy: tazo (mg)
• Malay: malaria
• Malayalam: മലമ്പനി (ml) (malampani)
• Maltese: malarja f
• Maori: eku
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: хумхаа (mn) (xumxaa)

  Mongolian: ᠬᠤᠮᠬᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ (qumqag-a)

• Nahuatl:

  Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla: atonahuistli

• Nandi: es
• Nepali: औलो (ne) (aulo)
• Newar: अउल (aula)
• Northern Ndebele: uqhuqho
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: malaria m

  Nynorsk: malaria m

• Old English: unlyft f
• Old Tupi: karasy
• Oromo: busaa (om)
• Persian: مالاریا (fa) (mâlâryâ)
• Polish: malaria (pl) f
• Portuguese: malária (pt) f, maleita (pt) f, paludismo (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਤੇਈਆ (teīā), تیئیا
• Quechua: chukchu
• Romanian: malarie (ro) f
• Russian: маляри́я (ru) f (maljaríja)
• Santali: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ (pări ruvă)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: маларија f

  Roman: malarija (sh) f

• Sinhalese: මැලේරියාව (mælēriyāwa)
• Slovene: malarija (sl) f
• Spanish: paludismo (es) m, malaria (es) f
• Swahili: malaria
• Swedish: malaria (sv) c
• Tagalog: pangiki, malarya
• Tajik: вараҷа (varaja), табдард (tabdard)
• Thai: ไข้มาลาเรีย (th) (kâi maa-laa-ria), ไข้จับสั่น, ไข้ป่า (kâi-bpàa), ไข้ป้าง, ไข้ร้อนเย็น, ไข้ดอกสัก
• Tibetan: འདར་ནད ('dar nad)
• Tsonga: dzedzedze
• Turkish: sıtma (tr), malarya (tr)
• Ukrainian: малярі́я f (maljaríja), пропа́сниця (uk) f (propásnycja), лихома́нка f (lyxománka)
• Urdu: ملیریا (maleriyā), باری کا بخار
• Uzbek: bezgak (uz)
• Vietnamese: bệnh sốt rét
• Welsh: malaria m
• Wolof: sibbiru
• Yoruba: akọ ibà
• Zulu: umalaleveva

Further reading

• malaria on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Danish

Etymology

From Italian malaria.

Noun

malaria c (singular definite malariaen, not used in plural form)

1. (pathology) malaria

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ma‧la‧ria

Noun

malaria f (uncountable)

1. malaria

Descendants

• → Caribbean Hindustani: maláriyá

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian malaria.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɑlɑriɑ/, [ˈmɑ̝lɑ̝ˌriɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -iɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ma‧la‧ria

Noun

malaria

1. malaria

   Synonym: horkka

Declension

Inflection of malaria (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		malaria	malariat
genitive		malarian	malarioiden malarioitten
partitive		malariaa	malarioita
illative		malariaan	malarioihin
		singular	plural
nominative		malaria	malariat
accusative	nom.	malaria	malariat
	gen.	malarian
genitive		malarian	malarioiden malarioitten malariain rare
partitive		malariaa	malarioita
inessive		malariassa	malarioissa
elative		malariasta	malarioista
illative		malariaan	malarioihin
adessive		malarialla	malarioilla
ablative		malarialta	malarioilta
allative		malarialle	malarioille
essive		malariana	malarioina
translative		malariaksi	malarioiksi
abessive		malariatta	malarioitta
instructive		—	malarioin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of malaria (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative malariani malariani accusative nom. malariani malariani gen. malariani genitive malariani malarioideni malarioitteni malariaini rare partitive malariaani malarioitani inessive malariassani malarioissani elative malariastani malarioistani illative malariaani malarioihini adessive malariallani malarioillani ablative malarialtani malarioiltani allative malarialleni malarioilleni essive malarianani malarioinani translative malariakseni malarioikseni abessive malariattani malarioittani instructive — — comitative — malarioineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative malariasi malariasi accusative nom. malariasi malariasi gen. malariasi genitive malariasi malarioidesi malarioittesi malariaisi rare partitive malariaasi malarioitasi inessive malariassasi malarioissasi elative malariastasi malarioistasi illative malariaasi malarioihisi adessive malariallasi malarioillasi ablative malarialtasi malarioiltasi allative malariallesi malarioillesi essive malarianasi malarioinasi translative malariaksesi malarioiksesi abessive malariattasi malarioittasi instructive — — comitative — malarioinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative malariamme malariamme accusative nom. malariamme malariamme gen. malariamme genitive malariamme malarioidemme malarioittemme malariaimme rare partitive malariaamme malarioitamme inessive malariassamme malarioissamme elative malariastamme malarioistamme illative malariaamme malarioihimme adessive malariallamme malarioillamme ablative malarialtamme malarioiltamme allative malariallemme malarioillemme essive malarianamme malarioinamme translative malariaksemme malarioiksemme abessive malariattamme malarioittamme instructive — — comitative — malarioinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative malarianne malarianne accusative nom. malarianne malarianne gen. malarianne genitive malarianne malarioidenne malarioittenne malariainne rare partitive malariaanne malarioitanne inessive malariassanne malarioissanne elative malariastanne malarioistanne illative malariaanne malarioihinne adessive malariallanne malarioillanne ablative malarialtanne malarioiltanne allative malariallenne malarioillenne essive malariananne malarioinanne translative malariaksenne malarioiksenne abessive malariattanne malarioittanne instructive — — comitative — malarioinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative malariansa malariansa accusative nom. malariansa malariansa gen. malariansa genitive malariansa malarioidensa malarioittensa malariainsa rare partitive malariaansa malarioitaan malarioitansa inessive malariassaan malariassansa malarioissaan malarioissansa elative malariastaan malariastansa malarioistaan malarioistansa illative malariaansa malarioihinsa adessive malariallaan malariallansa malarioillaan malarioillansa ablative malarialtaan malarialtansa malarioiltaan malarioiltansa allative malarialleen malariallensa malarioilleen malarioillensa essive malarianaan malarianansa malarioinaan malarioinansa translative malariakseen malariaksensa malarioikseen malarioiksensa abessive malariattaan malariattansa malarioittaan malarioittansa instructive — — comitative — malarioineen malarioinensa

Derived terms

(compounds):

• malarialoinen
• malariasääski

Further reading

• “malaria”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• Maalari, maalari

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.la.ʁja/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

malaria f (plural malarias)

1. malaria

   Synonym: paludisme

Further reading

• “malaria”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• alarmai

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch malaria, from Italian malaria, formed from mal- (“bad”) and aria (“air”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [maˈlaria̯]
• Hyphenation: ma‧la‧ria

Noun

malaria (plural malaria-malaria)

1. (medicine) malaria, a disease spread by mosquito, in which a protozoan, Plasmodium, multiplies in blood every few days.

Further reading

• “malaria” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Noun

malaria (uncountable)

1. malaria

Italian

Etymology

From mal- (“bad”) +‎ aria (“air”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maˈla.rja/
• Rhymes: -arja
• Hyphenation: ma‧là‧ria

Noun

malaria f (plural malarie)

1. (pathology) malaria

Derived terms

• malarico

Anagrams

• alamari

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /maˈla.ri.a/, [mäˈɫ̪äriä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /maˈla.ri.a/, [mäˈläːriä]

Noun

malaria f (genitive malariae); first declension

1. (New Latin) malaria

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	malaria	malariae
genitive	malariae	malariārum
dative	malariae	malariīs
accusative	malariam	malariās
ablative	malariā	malariīs
vocative	malaria	malariae

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Italian mala aria.

Noun

malaria m (definite singular malariaen, uncountable)

1. malaria

References

• “malaria” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Italian mala aria.

Noun

malaria m (definite singular malariaen, uncountable)

1. malaria

References

• “malaria” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian malaria.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maˈla.rja/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -arja
• Syllabification: ma‧la‧ria

Noun

malaria f

1. malaria

   Synonyms: febra, zimnica

Declension

Declension of malaria

	singular
nominative	malaria
genitive	malarii
dative	malarii
accusative	malarię
instrumental	malarią
locative	malarii
vocative	malario

Derived terms

(adjective):

• malaryczny

Further reading

• malaria in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• malaria in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maˈlaɾja/ [maˈla.ɾja]
• Rhymes: -aɾja
• Syllabification: ma‧la‧ria

Noun

malaria f (plural malarias)

1. malaria

   Synonym: paludismo

Further reading

• “malaria”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swahili

Etymology

From English malaria.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

malaria class IX (plural malaria class X)

1. malaria

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian malaria, formed from mal- (“bad”) and aria (“air”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma¹lɑːrɪa/, [ma¹l̪ɑ̹ːrɪa]

Noun

malaria c (uncountable)

1. malaria

Declension

Declension of malaria

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	malaria	malarias
	definite	malarian	malarians
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

See also

• kinin
• mygga

References

• malaria in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• malaria in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• malaria in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English malaria.

Noun

malaria

1. malaria