manuscript

English

Illuminated Byzantine gospel lectionary, circa 1100

Etymology

1597, from Medieval Latin manuscriptum (“writing by hand”), a calque of Germanic origin: compare Middle High German hantschrift, hantgeschrift (“manuscript”) (c. 1450), Old English handġewrit (“what is written by hand, deed, contract, manuscript”) (before 1150), Old Norse handrit (“manuscript”) (before 1300), equivalent to Latin manu (ablative of manus (“hand”)) + Latin scriptus (past participle of scribere (“to write”)). Not found in Classical Latin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmæn.jʊˌskɹɪpt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: man‧u‧script

Adjective

manuscript (not comparable)

1. handwritten, or by extension manually typewritten, as opposed to being mechanically reproduced.

Translations

handwritten, or by extension typewritten

• Arabic: مَخْطُوطَة‎ f (maḵṭūṭa)
• Azerbaijani: əlyazma (az)
• Bashkir: ҡулъяҙма (qulʺyaðma), ҡулдан (quldan) яҙылған (yaðïlğan)
• Bulgarian: ръкопи́сен (rǎkopísen)
• Catalan: manuscrit (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 手寫的, 手写的 (shǒuxiě de)

• Dutch: handgeschreven (nl), geschreven (nl)
• Finnish: käsin kirjoitettu
• French: manuscrit (fr)
• Galician: manuscrito m
• Georgian: ხელნაწერი (xelnac̣eri), მანუსკრიპტი (ka) (manusḳriṗṭi)
• German: Handschrift (de), Manuskript (de)
• Greek: χειρόγραφο (el) n (cheirógrafo)
• Italian: manoscritto (it)

• Japanese: 手書きの (てがきの, tegaki no)
• Khmer: អក្សរដៃ (aksɑɑ day)
• Malay: manuskrip
• Persian: دست‌نوشته‎ (fa) (dast-nevešteh), دست‌نویس‎ (dast-nevis), نسخه خطی‎ (nosxeh khatti), مخطوطه‎ (maxtuteh)

• Polish: odręczny (pl), rękopis (pl)
• Portuguese: manuscrito (pt)
• Russian: рукопи́сный (ru) (rukopísnyj)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: рукописни, руком писани

  Roman: rukopisni (sh), rukom pisani

• Spanish: manuscrito (es)
• Walloon: scrît al mwin m

Noun

manuscript (plural manuscripts)

1. A book, composition or any other document, written by hand (or manually typewritten), not mechanically reproduced.
   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

     In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.

   • 2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:

     The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, […] . Scribes, illuminators, and scholars held such stones directly over manuscript pages as an aid in seeing what was being written, drawn, or read.

2. A single, original copy of a book, article, composition etc, written by hand or even printed, submitted as original for (copy-editing and) reproductive publication.

Synonyms

• ms or ms.

Derived terms

• manuscriptal
• manuscription

Synonyms

• handwrit
• autograph
• handwriting

Related terms

• script
• typescript

Translations

book, composition or any other document, written by hand

• Afrikaans: manuskrip
• Albanian: dorëshkrim (sq) m
• Arabic: مَخْطُوطَة‎ f (maḵṭūṭa), مَخْطُوط‎ m (maḵṭūṭ)
• Armenian: մատյան (hy) (matyan), ձեռագիր (hy) (jeṙagir)
• Azerbaijani: əlyazı, əlyazma (az)
• Bashkir: ҡулъяҙма (qulʺyaðma)
• Belarusian: ру́капіс m (rúkapis), манускры́пт m (manuskrýpt)
• Bengali: পাণ্ডুলিপি (panḍulipi)
• Bulgarian: ръкопи́с m (rǎkopís)
• Burmese: စာမူ (my) (camu)
• Catalan: manuscrit (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 手稿 (zh) (shǒugǎo), 手抄本 (shǒuchāoběn), 原稿 (zh) (yuángǎo)

• Czech: rukopis (cs) m
• Danish: håndskrift n, manuskript n
• Dutch: manuscript (nl) n, handschrift (nl) n
• Esperanto: manuskripto, manskribaĵo
• Estonian: käsikiri
• Finnish: käsikirjoitus (fi)
• French: manuscrit (fr) m
• Georgian: ხელნაწერი (xelnac̣eri)
• German: Handschrift (de) f
• Greek: χειρόγραφο (el) n (cheirógrafo)
• Hebrew: כְּתַב יָד‎ (he) m (ktav yad)
• Hindi: पाण्डुलिपि (hi) f (pāṇḍulipi)
• Hungarian: kézirat (hu)
• Indonesian: naskah (id)
• Irish: please add this translation if you can
• Italian: manoscritto (it) m
• Japanese: 手書き原稿 (てがきげんこう, tegaki-genkō), 写本 (ja) (しゃほん, shahon), 手写本 (しゅしゃぼん, shushabon), マニュスクリプト (manyusukuriputo)
• Kazakh: көшірме (köşırme), қолжазба (qoljazba)
• Khmer: សាត្រាស្លឹករឹត (sattra slǝk riit), សាស្ត្រា (saahstraa), គម្ពីរ (km) (kumpii), ក្រាំង (km) (kraŋ)
• Korean: 사본(寫本) (ko) (sabon)
• Kyrgyz: кол жазма (qol jazma)

• Lao: ໜັງສື​​ໃບລານ (nang sư̄ bai lān), ຫນັງສື​​ໃບລານ (nang sư̄ bai lān), ຕົ້ນສະບັບ (ton sa bap)
• Latvian: rokraksts m, manuskripts m
• Lithuanian: rankraštis (lt) m, manuskriptas (lt) m
• Macedonian: ракопис m (rakopis)
• Malay: naskhah
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: бичмэл (mn) (bichmel)

  Uyghurjin: ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠡᠯ (bičimel)

• Norwegian: manuskript n
• Occitan: manuscrich (oc) m, manuscrit (oc)
• Old English: please add this translation if you can
• Persian: دست‌نوشته‎ (fa) (dast-nevešte), نسخه خطی‎ (nosxe-ye xatti)
• Polish: rękopis (pl) m, manuskrypt (pl) m
• Portuguese: manuscrito (pt) m
• Romanian: manuscris (ro)
• Russian: ру́копись (ru) f (rúkopisʹ), манускри́пт (ru) m (manuskrípt)
• Scottish Gaelic: làmh-sgrìobhainn f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ру̏копӣс m

  Roman: rȕkopīs (sh) m

• Slovak: rukopis m
• Slovene: rokopis (sl) m
• Spanish: manuscrito (es) m
• Swedish: manuskript (sv), handskrift (sv)
• Tajik: дастнавис (dastnavis)
• Tatar: кулъязма (tt) (qulʺyazma)
• Thai: ต้นฉบับ (th) (dtôn-chà-bàp)
• Turkish: yazma (tr)
• Turkmen: golýazma
• Ukrainian: руко́пис m (rukópys), манускри́пт m (manuskrýpt)
• Uyghur: قوليازما‎ (qolyazma)
• Uzbek: qoʻlyozma (uz)
• Vietnamese: thủ bản (vi)
• Walloon: papîscrît (wa) m

book, article etc, submitted for reproductive publication

• Armenian: բնագիր (hy) (bnagir), ձեռագիր (hy) (jeṙagir)
• Bashkir: ҡулъяҙма (qulʺyaðma)
• Catalan: manuscrit (ca) m, original (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 原稿 (zh), 草稿 (zh) (cǎogǎo)

• Czech: rukopis (cs) m
• Danish: manuskript n
• Dutch: manuscript (nl) n, kopij (nl) f
• Esperanto: manuskripto
• Finnish: käsikirjoitus (fi)
• French: manuscrit (fr) m
• Greek: χειρόγραφο (el) n (cheirógrafo)
• Hungarian: kézirat (hu)
• Italian: manoscritto (it) m

• Japanese: 原稿 (ja) (げんこう, genkō), 草稿 (ja) (そうこう, sōkō), 稿本 (こうほん, kōhon), 稿 (ja) (こう, kō), 記録 (ja) (きろく, kiroku)
• Latvian: rokraksts m, manuskripts m
• Norwegian: manuskript n
• Occitan: manuscrich (oc)
• Polish: maszynopis (pl) m, rękopis (pl) m
• Portuguese: manuscrito (pt) m
• Russian: ру́копись (ru) f (rúkopisʹ), манускри́пт (ru) m (manuskrípt)
• Scottish Gaelic: làmh-sgrìobhainn f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: рукопис m

  Roman: rȕkopīs (sh) m

• Spanish: manuscrito (es) m
• Swedish: manuskript (sv)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Albanian: ^{(please verify)} dorëshkrim (sq) ?
• Arabic: ^{(please verify)} مَخْطَوطَة كِتَابِيَّة‎ f
• Estonian: ^{(please verify)} käsikiri
• German: ^{(please verify)} Manuskript (de) n, ^{(please verify)} Handschrift (de) f, ^{(please verify)} Kodex (de) m
• Hindi: ^{(please verify)} हस्तलेख (hi) (hastalekh), ^{(please verify)} हस्तलिपि (hi) (hastalipi)
• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} naskah (id)
• Korean: (sabon) ^{(please verify)} 사본 (ko) (sabon), (wongo) ^{(please verify)} 원고 (ko) (won'go)
• Latvian: ^{(please verify)} rokraksts m, ^{(please verify)} manuskripts m

• Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} rankraštis (lt), ^{(please verify)} manuskriptas (lt)
• Maltese: ^{(please verify)} manuskritt m
• Romanian: ^{(please verify)} manuscris (ro) m
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} manuskript (sh) m
• Slovak: ^{(please verify)} rukopis m
• Slovene: ^{(please verify)} rokopis (sl) m
• Tagalog: ^{(please verify)} manuskrito, ^{(please verify)} orihinal
• Thai: ^{(please verify)} เอกสารที่เขียนด้วยมือ (àyk săan têe kĭan dûay meu), ^{(please verify)} ต้นฉบับ (th) (dtôn chàbàp), ^{(please verify)} ต้นร่าง (dtôn râang), ^{(please verify)} ระบับ (rábàp)
• Turkish: ^{(please verify)} el yazması (tr)
• Ukrainian: ^{(please verify)} рукопис m (rukopys)

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Dutch

Etymology

From Medieval Latin manuscrīptum (“writing by hand”), neuter of manuscrīptus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌmaː.nyˈskrɪpt/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: man‧u‧script

Noun

manuscript n (plural manuscripten, diminutive manuscriptje n)

1. A manuscript, written (not printed) text or composition
2. A manuscript submitted for reproductive publication

Synonyms

• (not reproduced) handschrift

Descendants

• Afrikaans: manuskrip
• → Indonesian: manuskrip

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Middle French

Noun

manuscript m (plural manuscripts)

1. manuscript

Descendants

• French: manuscrit

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Romanian

Noun

manuscript n (plural manuscripte)

1. Alternative form of manuscris

Declension

Declension of manuscript

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) manuscript	manuscriptul	(niște) manuscripte	manuscriptele
genitive/dative	(unui) manuscript	manuscriptului	(unor) manuscripte	manuscriptelor
vocative	manuscriptule		manuscriptelor