neljä
Appearance
See also: nelja
Finnish
[edit]| 40 | ||
| ← 3 | 4 | 5 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: neljä Colloquial counting form: nee, nel Ordinal: neljäs Colloquial ordinal: nelkki (regional) Ordinal abbreviation: 4., 4:s Digit name: nelonen Adverbial: neljästi Multiplier: nelinkertainen Distributive: nelittäin Fractional: neljäsosa, neljännes | ||
| Finnish Wikipedia article on 4 | ||
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *neljä (compare Estonian neli), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *neljä (compare Northern Sami njeallje, Erzya ниле (ńiľe), Northern Mansi нила (nila), Hungarian négy).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈneljæ/, [ˈne̞ljæ]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -eljæ
- Syllabification(key): nel‧jä
- Hyphenation(key): nel‧jä
Numeral
[edit]neljä
Usage notes
[edit]- See Appendix:Finnish numbers.
- The instructive plural nelin is almost always used instead of neljin and it is used e.g. in the phrase nelin kontin (“on all fours”) and in the structure nelin verroin + comparative, e.g. nelin verroin parempi (“four times as good”).
Declension
[edit]Declension of neljä (type 10/koira)
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Declension goes according to type koira (10), except of the two forms, which drop the j for an easier pronunciation (*): the instructive plural form nelin (the regular form is neljin, which is also used, but less common) and temporal distributive form nelisin (the regular form would have been neljisin).
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “neljä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023
Ingrian
[edit]| < 3 | 4 | 5 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : neljä Ordinal : neljäs | ||
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *neljä, from Proto-Uralic *neljä. Cognates include Finnish neljä and Estonian neli.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈneljæ/, [ˈne̞lʲː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈneljæ/, [ˈne̞lʲjæ]
- Rhymes: -elj, -eljæ
- Hyphenation: nel‧jä
Numeral
[edit]neljä
- four
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa) [Geography: textbook for Ingrian elementary school third grade (first part)], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
- Mittaisivat mitälee plaanua mööt, reknaisiit ja sanoivat, etti linnaa saa ono neljä kilometraa i yli tunnin, melkeen, möö leenemmä kois.
- They measured something along the map, counted and said, that it's four kilometers to the city and in an hour, approximately, we would be home.
- 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 28:
- Esim.: määrällisiä cislasanoja ollaa: yks, kaks, kolt, neljä, viis.
- E.g.: The cardinal numbers are: one, two, three, four, five.
Declension
[edit]| Declension of neljä (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | neljä | neljät |
| genitive | neljän | neljiin |
| partitive | neljää | neljiä |
| illative | neljää | neljii |
| inessive | neljääs | neljiis |
| elative | neljäst | neljist |
| allative | neljälle | neljille |
| adessive | neljääl | neljiil |
| ablative | neljält | neljilt |
| translative | neljäks | neljiks |
| essive | neljännä, neljään | neljinnä, neljiin |
| exessive1) | neljänt | neljint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Fedor Tumansky (1790), “нела”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 703
- V. I. Junus (1936), Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 92
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 338
- Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014), Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку[4], →ISBN, page 18
Kven
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Numeral
[edit]neljä
- alternative form of nelje
References
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Finnish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/eljæ
- Rhymes:Finnish/eljæ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish numerals
- Finnish cardinal numbers
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/elj
- Rhymes:Ingrian/elj/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/eljæ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/eljæ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian numerals
- Ingrian cardinal numbers
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- Kven terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kven lemmas
- Kven numerals