obstruo

Latin

Etymology

From ob- +‎ struō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɔp.stru.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɔb.stru.o]

Verb

obstruō (present infinitive obstruere, perfect active obstrūxī, supine obstrūctum); third conjugation

1. to build before or against; build, block, or wall up; stop up, barricade, render impassable

   Synonyms: claudō, obstō, intersaepio, officiō, premō, assideō, obsideō

2. to obstruct, stop up, hinder, impede

   Synonyms: saepiō, obstō, impediō, arceō, intersaepio, inclūdō, perimō, officiō, comprimō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.438–440:

     [...] Sed nūllīs ille movētur / flētibus, aut vōcēs ūllās tractābilis audit: / Fāta obstant, placidāsque virī deus obstruit aurīs.

     But [Aeneas] was moved by no tears, and yields to none of the pleas he is hearing: The Fates oppose [it], and a god obstructs the man’s placid ears.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of obstruō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	obstruō		obstruis		obstruit		obstruimus		obstruitis		obstruunt
	imperfect	obstruēbam		obstruēbās		obstruēbat		obstruēbāmus		obstruēbātis		obstruēbant
	future	obstruam		obstruēs		obstruet		obstruēmus		obstruētis		obstruent
	perfect	obstrūxī		obstrūxistī		obstrūxit		obstrūximus		obstrūxistis		obstrūxērunt, obstrūxēre
	pluperfect	obstrūxeram		obstrūxerās		obstrūxerat		obstrūxerāmus		obstrūxerātis		obstrūxerant
	future perfect	obstrūxerō		obstrūxeris		obstrūxerit		obstrūxerimus		obstrūxeritis		obstrūxerint
passive	present	obstruor		obstrueris, obstruere		obstruitur		obstruimur		obstruiminī		obstruuntur
	imperfect	obstruēbar		obstruēbāris, obstruēbāre		obstruēbātur		obstruēbāmur		obstruēbāminī		obstruēbantur
	future	obstruar		obstruēris, obstruēre		obstruētur		obstruēmur		obstruēminī		obstruentur
	perfect	obstrūctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	obstrūctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	obstrūctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	obstruam		obstruās		obstruat		obstruāmus		obstruātis		obstruant
	imperfect	obstruerem		obstruerēs		obstrueret		obstruerēmus		obstruerētis		obstruerent
	perfect	obstrūxerim		obstrūxerīs		obstrūxerit		obstrūxerīmus		obstrūxerītis		obstrūxerint
	pluperfect	obstrūxissem		obstrūxissēs		obstrūxisset		obstrūxissēmus		obstrūxissētis		obstrūxissent
passive	present	obstruar		obstruāris, obstruāre		obstruātur		obstruāmur		obstruāminī		obstruantur
	imperfect	obstruerer		obstruerēris, obstruerēre		obstruerētur		obstruerēmur		obstruerēminī		obstruerentur
	perfect	obstrūctus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	obstrūctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		obstrue		—		—		obstruite		—
	future	—		obstruitō		obstruitō		—		obstruitōte		obstruuntō
passive	present	—		obstruere		—		—		obstruiminī		—
	future	—		obstruitor		obstruitor		—		—		obstruuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		obstruere			obstruī			obstruēns			—
future		obstrūctūrum esse			obstrūctum īrī			obstrūctūrus			obstruendus
perfect		obstrūxisse			obstrūctum esse			—			obstrūctus
future perfect		—			obstrūctum fore			—			—
perfect potential		obstrūctūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		obstruendī		obstruendō		obstruendum		obstruendō		obstrūctum		obstrūctū

Descendants

• Catalan: obstruir
• English: obstruct
• French: obstruer
• Galician: obstruír
• Italian: ostruire
• Portuguese: obstruir
• Sicilian: astrùjiri
• Spanish: obstruir

References

• “obstruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “obstruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “obstruo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to obstruct a road; to close a route: iter obstruere
    
  • to barricade a door (a city-gate): valvas (portam) obstruere
    
  • to obstruct a person's view, shut out his light by building: luminibus alicuius obstruere, officere
    
  • to barricade the gates: portas obstruere (B. G. 5. 50)
    

Portuguese

Verb

obstruo

1. first-person singular present indicative of obstruir