obsideo

Latin

Etymology

From ob- (“before”) +‎ sedeō (“I sit”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɔpˈsɪ.de.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [obˈsiː.d̪e.o]

Verb

obsideō (present infinitive obsidēre, perfect active obsēdī, supine obsessum); second conjugation

to sit, remain, abide, stay
Synonyms: habitō, cōnsīdō, possideō, iaceō, resideō, subsīdō, incolō, colō, stabulō, vīvō, versō
to frequent, haunt, inhabit
(transitive, military) to besiege; hem in, beset, invest, blockade a place
Synonyms: obsīdō, circumveniō, circumeō, circumsistō, circumdō, claudō, assideō, circumsaepiō, obstruō, saepiō
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
  Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent.
  The military authority of Quintus Fulvius and Appius Claudius, consuls of the previous year, was extended and the armies which they had were decided upon, and it was added as a proviso that they should not withdraw from Capua, which they were besieging, until they conquered it.
- Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Danihelis 1:1:
  anno tertio regni Ioachim regis Iuda venit Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis Hierusalem et obsedit eam
  In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.
(transitive) to detain, hold captive
to occupy, fill, possess
Synonyms: obtineō, possideō, compleō, adipīscor, apprehendō, teneo, comprehendo, occupō, capio
to watch closely; to be on the lookout for

Conjugation

Conjugation of obsideō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	obsideō	obsidēs		obsidet	obsidēmus	obsidētis		obsident
	imperfect	obsidēbam	obsidēbās		obsidēbat	obsidēbāmus	obsidēbātis		obsidēbant
	future	obsidēbō	obsidēbis		obsidēbit	obsidēbimus	obsidēbitis		obsidēbunt
	perfect	obsēdī	obsēdistī		obsēdit	obsēdimus	obsēdistis		obsēdērunt, obsēdēre
	pluperfect	obsēderam	obsēderās		obsēderat	obsēderāmus	obsēderātis		obsēderant
	future perfect	obsēderō	obsēderis		obsēderit	obsēderimus	obsēderitis		obsēderint
passive	present	obsideor	obsidēris, obsidēre		obsidētur	obsidēmur	obsidēminī		obsidentur
	imperfect	obsidēbar	obsidēbāris, obsidēbāre		obsidēbātur	obsidēbāmur	obsidēbāminī		obsidēbantur
	future	obsidēbor	obsidēberis, obsidēbere		obsidēbitur	obsidēbimur	obsidēbiminī		obsidēbuntur
	perfect	obsessus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	obsessus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	obsessus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	obsideam	obsideās		obsideat	obsideāmus	obsideātis		obsideant
	imperfect	obsidērem	obsidērēs		obsidēret	obsidērēmus	obsidērētis		obsidērent
	perfect	obsēderim	obsēderīs		obsēderit	obsēderīmus	obsēderītis		obsēderint
	pluperfect	obsēdissem	obsēdissēs		obsēdisset	obsēdissēmus	obsēdissētis		obsēdissent
passive	present	obsidear	obsideāris, obsideāre		obsideātur	obsideāmur	obsideāminī		obsideantur
	imperfect	obsidērer	obsidērēris, obsidērēre		obsidērētur	obsidērēmur	obsidērēminī		obsidērentur
	perfect	obsessus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	obsessus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	obsidē		—	—	obsidēte		—
active	future	—	obsidētō		obsidētō	—	obsidētōte		obsidentō
passive	present	—	obsidēre		—	—	obsidēminī		—
passive	future	—	obsidētor		obsidētor	—	—		obsidentor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		obsidēre		obsidērī		obsidēns		—
future		obsessūrum esse		obsessum īrī		obsessūrus		obsidendus
perfect		obsēdisse		obsessum esse		—		obsessus
future perfect		—		obsessum fore		—		—
perfect potential		obsessūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		obsidendī	obsidendō		obsidendum	obsidendō	obsessum		obsessū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

→ English: obsess
French: obséder
- → Catalan: obsedir
- → Dutch: obsederen
- → Romanian: obseda
Italian: ossedere
⇒ Portuguese: obsediar
Spanish: obseder

References

“obsideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“obsideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
obsideo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to besiege a city: oppidum obsidere
- (ambiguous) to give hostages: obsides dare
- (ambiguous) to compel communities to provide hostages: obsides civitatibus imperare